Category Archives: Diet And Food

Despite Italian foods like Pizza, Alfredo and to a certain extent Pasta, that is anything but healthy, when you look at Italy as a whole, you would find obesity is rare. In fact, not just obesity but studies and research suggest that the Italian or the Mediterranean diet is helpful in reducing the risk of heart diseases and cancer.

Well, truth be told, Italian people are not born with it. The secret to their amazing health is in their diets, which today will be our point of discussion. Today, we will unveil 7 such secrets that keep the Italians so fit and healthy.

The thing with Italians is, they enjoy every second of their eating experience and spend hours over the table, just to relax and socialize.

This means they might sit over lunch and dinner for hours, but it will not lead them to eat or drink more than they required. Apart from that, prior and post meals, Italian people also take a stroll around the town also known as passeggiata. In this process, all the generations walk together, talking, bonding and keeping the traditions alive. You will get to learn about these secrets from this Italian website.

This was completely surprising. It is hardly found in any other cultural diet. The people of Italy do not believe in counting calories, which in recent times has become the trend.

They say they only keep their stomachs involved while eating and keep the herd out of the business. Thus, the stomach immediately sends a signal when they are full, which does not happen when you are mindful.

On the other hand, they never eat after dinner, nor believe in eating in front of the television or computers. They pursue a very active lifestyle, mixed with a lot of fruits and vegetables. Yes, green vegetables and fibers are the main part of their diet.

Like most things in life, the Italian diet too is based on a perfect measure of quality and quantity, which includes, not too much fat, a perfect blend of healthy carbohydrates, proteins.

They follow this principle ardently and thus include all of their foods like pasta, lean meats, fishes, and more in the right quantities. One more thing to learn about them is that they would never prefer sodas, or chips, or mayonnaise. When they have sugar cravings, they will pick some fruits, instead of calorie-packed sweets.

Nowadays, things have changed and people have shifted to packaged foods, which are not good for our health. The thing with the Italian diet is, they keep it simple, believe in cooking from raw and enjoy simple, fresh foods. Dont buy precooked foods and try eating as fresh as you can.

Again, sticking to diets has become a part of peoples lifestyles but here as well, the Italians differ from the rest of the world.

They refuse to hang up on nutrition, eat what they want and lead an active lifestyle. Yes, they do make a few smart choices like avoiding fried foods and sweets. That said, they will never refuse a glass of fine wine and luxurious dining!

You must have understood that food plays a vital part in any Italians life. But heres the best part about their food schedule: they believe in eating together with family or friends.

Not only this ensures that the meals are prepared with utmost perfection, but it also ensures that they are eaten slowly, leisurely, not forgetting how affectionate it is. Plus, even studies have proven that eating together has health benefits because it ensures the consumption of more fruits and veggies. Moreover, It gives you some precious moments to sit with your loved ones and share life with them.

Most of us reckon Italian food to be just pasta and pizza. Well, heres a reality check they never eat pizzas as an entire meal like we do; it is more like a pre-course. Their plate consists of fruits, veggies, meat, fish, and so much more. So, the next time you pick up a slice of pizza instead of your dinner, remember this!

Italians cook their food with limited ingredients which prevent them from gorging on the extra fats. They refrain from cooking their meals in high alfredo creamy sauces like Pizza with cheese which makes their food carbohydrate-heavy instead of fat heavy. They also use a lot of olive oil in their food to leverage the innumerable benefits it has to offer.

Yes, and thats the secret of their well-maintained figure. You will rarely find an Italian gorging onto a mountain full of pasta topped with extra creamy sauce. They will instead revel in a smaller bowl and enjoy every bite. This prevents them from eating a heavy meal at once and thus resists unprecedented weight gain.

Every culture among the Italians has its own cultural food which is passed on from the generations to generations. Apart from that, Italians enjoy the flavor of home-cooked food and that is one of the major reasons why they are so fit.

The homemade food does not let them gorge onto the unhealthy fats, junk has to offer. Plus, the ingredients chosen at home are all healthy and fresh which benefits their health.

The Italian diet is based on one phrase, which is also used by nutritionists all over the world: It is not only what you eat, but how you eat.

Thus, now that I have unveiled the secrets, you must have understood that when it comes to food and eating habits, the people back in Italy definitely know something which we dont. You need not entirely replicate their lifestyle, but whats the harm in adapting the good.

See the original post:
10 Secrets of the Italian Diet you Must Know - Foreign Policy 2018

A link between a high-fiber diet and a lower risk of breast cancer has been found according to a recently published analysis of relevant studies.

The findings, which were published in the peer-reviewed journal of the American Cancer Society (ACS) called Cancer, showed a link between a reduced incidence of breast cancer when consuming a diet heavy in fiber.

RELATED:New study suggests weight gain may reduce breast cancer risk

Our study contributes to the evidence that lifestyle factors, such as modifiable dietary practices, may affect breast cancer risk, saidMaryam Farvid, Ph,D., of the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, in a press release.

For their analysis, Farvid and her colleagues probed for all pertinent potential studies published through July 2019. Researches did so because studies reviewing the possible link between breast cancer and fiber-rich diets have given rise to inconsistent results.

Pooling data from the 20 observational studies the researchers surveyed, they foundindividuals who consumed the highest amount of fiber had an 8% lower risk of breast cancer. Higher fiber intake was associated with a lower risk in breast cancer in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. A lower risk of breast cancer was also linked to soluble fiber.

RELATED:These two common foods could lower breast cancer risk, study suggests

Our findings provide research evidence supporting the American Cancer Society dietary guidelines, emphasizing the importance of a diet rich in fiber, including fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, Farvid said.

Its important to note, however, thatthe analysis does not show dietary fiber consumption results in a direct reduction of the risk of breast cancer risk. To test such cause and effect, a randomized clinical trial is required.

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High-fiber diet linked to lower risk of breast cancer, study finds - Atlanta Journal Constitution

Eating more than the recommended amount of salt disrupts the antibacterial function of a type of immune cell, research in mice and humans has found.

According to the American Heart Association (AHA), 9 out of 10 people in the United States consume too much salt (sodium chloride).

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans, which the Department of Health and Human Services publish, recommend that people consume no more than 2.3 grams (g) of sodium per day. This amount is roughly equivalent to 5.8 g of salt, which would fit into a level teaspoon.

The reason for the recommendation is that there is good evidence that excess dietary salt raises blood pressure, which is a risk factor for heart disease and stroke.

However, a new study featuring in Science Translational Medicine suggests for the first time that such a diet could also make it harder for the immune system to destroy bacteria in some human organs.

Researchers at the University Hospital of Bonn in Germany were surprised to discover that a high salt diet in mice exacerbated a common bacterial infection of the kidneys Escherichia coli.

To test whether the deleterious result of a high salt diet was purely a local effect on the kidneys, the researchers infected the mice with Listeria and found that this body-wide, systemic infection was also worse on a high salt diet.

These findings were unexpected because previous research has found that excess dietary salt promotes healing in animals infected with skin parasites.

Skin acts as a reservoir for excess salt, and immune cells in the skin called macrophages are known to become more active in these salty conditions.

In contrast, it seems that a different type of immune response cell, the neutrophil, which is key to the body fighting bacterial kidney infections, becomes less effective in the face of a high salt diet. The researchers were intrigued to find out why.

In the rest of the body, however, the kidneys help maintain the concentration of salt at optimum levels for metabolism by excreting excess sodium.

The new study suggests that in the process of the kidneys regulating high blood sodium levels, they inhibit one arm of the immune system, impairing its ability to fight off bacterial infections.

The researchers fed one group of mice a high salt diet and gave a normal diet to a control group of mice for comparison.

When infected with Listeria, the liver and spleen of mice on the high salt diet contained 10100 times more bacteria than those of the controls.

Similarly, excess dietary salt made kidney infections with E. coli worse.

The researchers traced this impaired ability to fight off bacterial infections to immune cells called neutrophils, which ingest bacteria.

They believe that the kidneys response to high dietary salt may indirectly affect the neutrophils.

The kidneys use a molecular mechanism for detecting excess sodium in the bloodstream and excreting it in the urine.

But in the process, this mechanism raises levels of steroid hormones called glucocorticoids, as well as a waste product called urea.

Both glucocorticoids and urea inhibit the ability of neutrophils to kill bacteria.

To confirm these findings in humans, the researchers put volunteers on a high salt diet.

One of the scientists, Prof. Christian Kurts from the Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Bonn, explains:

We examined volunteers who consumed 6 g of salt in addition to their daily intake. This is roughly the amount contained in two fast food meals, i.e., two burgers and two portions of French fries.

After a week on the high salt diet, the volunteers had higher levels of glucocorticoids in their bodies.

Glucocorticoids are well-known for their immunosuppressant properties. Doctors use one of the most familiar, cortisone, clinically to reduce inflammation.

In addition, the researchers discovered that neutrophils that they extracted from the blood of volunteers on the high salt diet were less effective at killing bacteria in a laboratory dish.

In their paper, the scientists speculate that reducing dietary salt intake might help combat bacterial infections in the kidney, in contrast to its effect on skin and gut infections.

Their findings are preliminary, however, and need larger clinical studies to confirm them.

Excerpt from:
Excess dietary salt may weaken immunity against bacteria in the kidneys - Medical News Today

No regrets. In a recent video interview discussing everything she eats in a day, model Tyra Banks revealed shes gained about 30 pounds since appearing on the cover of the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit issue in May 2019.

I have a very interesting relationship with food. I have to say that it is one of the most important things in my life, the former Americas Next Top Model host, 46, told Harpers Bazaar in a video interview posted on Friday, April 3. A lot of my personal life, and the things that I like to do and my hobby is food.

Banks added that shes partial to finding new restaurants, challenging herself not to visit the same eatery within six months, scouting out food festivals and visiting supper clubs. Food is such an integral part of her life, she noted, that its led to a change in her body.

Right now, you cant tell because I have on a mens blazer, [but] I am 25 pounds heavier than I was on the cover of a very famous swimsuit magazine that came out last year, she dished.

Banks famously made history in May 2019 when she came out of retirement and posed for the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit cover at the age of 45. That feat came 22 years after the model first appeared on the Sports Illustrated cover and was the first black model to do so.

These days, instead of being extra careful with what she eats, the Fresh Prince of Bel-Air alum said shes not choosing to deny herself when it comes to food. Its like, when youre tired and youre working hard, you just go to this fast food and this fast food and this fast food, and you compare the burgers!

The Tyras Beauty Inside & Out author added with a smile: So Im 30 pounds heavier and itll come off one day, but not today.

As for what she eats in a day, the model revealed shes a fan of black coffee, bean chips, sesame bars and more.

The California native even has an indulgent habit that involves ordering the same type of cuisine from two different restaurants and comparing the results in an epic taste test. I do it with my son, I do it with my man, we line it up and then we score the different restaurants with the same item. What happens is, the next time you order, you know where to order from because one of them is always nasty.

Even though shes not much of a cook herself, Banks revealed that one of her favorite things to make home is candied bacon coated in a sauce that includes Sriracha, maple syrup, and fresh-ground black pepper.

Scroll down to see what other foods the Coyote Ugly actress eats in a day!

Read more:
Tyra Banks Reveals Shes Gained 30 Lbs Since Her 2019 Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Cover: Itll Come Off One Day - Us Weekly

During these days of lockdown due to the COVID-19 outbreak, most of us have several areas of concern. We need to figure out 'how to eat in order to keep our immunity intact, how to manage healthy meals with limited ingredients on hand, how to cook when some of us may not be very experienced cooks and also how to be disciplined about our diet and health goals.

The idea that I want to encourage you to adopt is to SIMPLIFY. Here are some of the questions you need to focus on during the lockdown period...

According to the concept of Time Restricted eating, on most days (at least 5 days a week), eat within an 8-12 hour window and fast for the rest.

There are several benefits of doing this, in todays scenario. Digestion is an energy consuming activity. When we eat, the body has to dedicate several resources towards digesting our food. Having a longer gap between dinner and breakfast helps the body optimise the recovery, cleansing and that, in turn, strengthens immunity.

To simplify meals, it would be good to opt for a one pot meal that is easy to prepare and easy to clean up afterwards.

Khichdi is rich in healthy lentils and greens

When you opt for a one pot meal, you can create great flavours with a broad spectrum of nutritive choices.

Make simple dressings that are healthy and delicious

Another way that you can simplify your meals, is by making simple condiments, like chutneys or dips or dressings. This will stay for a week and can be put together by blending everything in your mixie. These condiments will add a huge nutrition boost and flavour to your meals.

Tempering is an important step in Indian cooking

Herbal teas are true supplements for immunity. I have shared a recipe, but it can be customised. Even one or two of these ingredients, steeped in hot water is great! Just make this tea once a day for the whole family.

A recipe for a tea that can build immunity

Snacks should be simple and light

Desserts, when healthy and simple, are the best! It is important to create small moments of fun and pleasure with uplifting and healthy food and your best option would be more fruit-based desserts. It is healthier to use jaggery as a sweetener.

A recipe for Fruit cream dessert

I love this recipe idea that I have shared above that is made of cashews and dates. The sweet cream is both decadent and satisfying, and healthy too.

How has the coronavirus outbreak disrupted your life? And how are you dealing with it? Write to us or send us a video with subject line 'Coronavirus Disruption' to editorial@yourstory.com

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Diet tips: Here's how to eat right during the COVID-19 lockdown - YourStory

If you are above 50 never forget to add these foods to your diet

When people get old, changes are visible not only in the way the skin looks or physical actions, but also how the body responds to nutritional needs. As we age, the body needs more nutrient-dense foods and vitamins for optimal health. "In youth, it is all about growth and maintaining a body that can grow. But after the age of 50 the goal is to prevent diseases by maintaining an optimally healthy and active mind and body," says nutrition and fitness expert Pamela Peeke, MD. That is why, if you are above 50, you should be aware of these foods to add in your diet chart.

Here are some foods you should be eating to keep your body healthy and mind sharp over time.

Your body is in need of fibre rich foods like raspberries, bananas, carrot, broccoli etc. After 50 our gastrointestinal functions slow down automatically. So it is essential to eat enough fibre to keep your system moving smoothly.

(Also read: 7 Superfoods Present In Your Kitchen You May Not Know About)

"As the body ages the stomach's acidity decreases, and as a result, it becomes harder to get enough vitamin B 12 in your diet," says Dr Peeke. That is why, if you are above 50, your diet should always contain B12 Foods like corn flakes, cereals etc.

B12 enriched foods are important if you are above 50

Yes! Your body needs kitchen ingredients like turmeric and cinnamon. Every Indian kitchen surely contains these useful spices. Both are known as anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial agents. They boost your immune system quite well. Even a few beverages made with these spices are great for immunity.

Last but not the least, drink water. Your body uses water in all its organs, cells and tissues to help regulate and maintain bodily functions. "Women need nine cups of water and while men should drink 13 cups daily", says Dr Peeke.

So, if you are over 50, try adding these effective foods in your diet for a healthy lifestyle.

(Also read: 5 Ways Coronavirus Will Change The Way We Eat)

More:
Are You Over 50? Add These Foods To Your Diet To Stay Healthy - NDTV Swirlster

Pune, April 06, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The global commercial refrigeration equipment market size is predicted to reach USD 67.46 billion by 2026, Exhibiting a CAGR of 6.2% during the forecast period. The growing demand for commercial refrigeration in the food and beverage industry owing to high consumption of ready-to-eat and frozen food items across various regions. Moreover, the rising consumer shift towards healthy diet and food will have a positive impact on the commercial refrigeration equipment market growth. In addition, the implementation of advanced magnetic refrigeration technology and green technology will spur demand for commercial refrigeration, which in turn will bolster healthy growth of the market.

As per the published report by Fortune Business Insights, titled Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Market Size, Share & Industry Analysis, By Type (Refrigerator & Freezer, Transport Refrigeration, Refrigerated Display Cases, Ice Machines, and Others), By Application (Food & Beverage, Retail Stores, Hotels & Restaurants, Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals, and Others) and Regional Forecast, 2019-2026 the market size stood at USD 42.08 billion in 2018. The commercial refrigeration equipment market report offers informative insights into all the prevailing trends of the commercial refrigeration equipment market analysis. It shares a comprehensive summary of all the segments and regions. It provides statistical data on all the recent developments in the market. It is created after extensive research followed by all-encompassing analysis to benefit companies, stakeholders, financers, and potential investors. It is designed with an aim to provide a clear picture of the market size. Moreover, it also includes product launches, acquisitions, collaborations & partnerships, and innovations and industry developments.

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An Overview of the Impact of COVID-19 on this Market:

The emergence of COVID-19 has brought the world to a standstill. We understand that this health crisis has brought an unprecedented impact on businesses across industries. However, this too shall pass. Rising support from governments and several companies can help in the fight against this highly contagious disease. There are some industries that are struggling and some are thriving. Overall, almost every sector is anticipated to be impacted by the pandemic.

We are taking continuous efforts to help your business sustain and grow during COVID-19 pandemics. Based on our experience and expertise, we will offer you an impact analysis of coronavirus outbreak across industries to help you prepare for the future.

To get the short-term and long-term impact of COVID-19 on this Market.Please visit:https://www.fortunebusinessinsights.com/commercial-refrigeration-equipment-market-102584

Unveiling of Innovative Refrigeration Equipment by Carrier to Boost Growth Prospects

Carrier Commercial Refrigeration, a world's leader in high-technology heating, air-conditioning andrefrigerationsolutions, launched a cool future atEuroShop 2020, the worlds largest trade fair for retail food investors. The cool future is equipped with sustainable and innovation-driven technology for commercial and warehouse refrigeration applications. The unveiling of the new commercial refrigeration equipment can be a critical factor in boosting the commercial refrigeration equipment market value during the forecast period owing to its live in-store experience, retail innovations, pioneering warehouse applications. Moreover, Victor Calvo, president, Carrier Commercial Refrigeration, said in a statement, EuroShop 2020 is the ideal place to demonstrate how our latest high-performance, versatile refrigeration equipment can boost sales for customers. He further added, we offer a range of products that can help optimize product displays and create new sales opportunities and environments, all while reducing energy consumption and environmental footprint.

The growing investment in the food and beverage industry will subsequently aid the development of the commercial refrigeration equipment market trends. As commercial refrigeration equipment has become a requirement to store bulks of food items, therefore the rising production of food and beverage will encourage the growth of the market.

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Rising Disposable Income to Augment Growth in Asia Pacific

The market in Asia Pacific generated a revenue of USD 10.30 billion in 2018 and is predicted to grow rapidly during the forecast period. The growth in the region is attributed to the increasing demand for frozen food items. The focus of food manufacturers towards frozen food to cater to the need of the customers will also boost the commercial refrigeration equipment market revenue in the forthcoming years. Moreover, the rising disposable income in developing countries of Asia Pacific, such as India and China, will also consequently bode well for the market in the region. In addition, the increasing emphasis of restaurants towards fresh, hygienic, and high-quality food will spur opportunities for the commercial refrigeration equipment market in Asia Pacific. North America is predicted to witness a high growth rate during the forecast period owing to the increasing investments in the food & beverage industries. The growing number of food joints, restaurants, and hotels will also contribute positively to the growth of the market in North America.

List of the Key Companies in the Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Market are;

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Commercial Refrigeration Compressor Market Size, Share & Industry Analysis, By Type (Reciprocating, Rotary, Screw, Others), By Cooling Capacity (Upto 1 kW, 1 15 kW, 15 100 kW, Above 100 kW), By Application (Refrigerator and freezer, Refrigerated Display Cases, Transport Refrigeration, Beverage Coolers and Freezers, Others) and Regional Forecast, 2019-2026

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Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Market to Register a CAGR of 6.2%; Rising Consumer Shift towards Healthy Diet to Enable Growth, states Fortune...

Its hard enough to eat healthfully on a day-to-day basis, but in the midst of the coronavirus pandemic, its more important than ever to eat well, especially for those with an underlying heart condition.

Healthy eating is an important part of looking after your heart, and a good way to boost your immune system, Julie Anne Mitchell from the Heart Foundation says. She recommends filling your plate with veggies, fruits, and whole grains, as well as some healthy proteins like fish, legumes, or a small portion of chicken or eggs. You can limit added sugars by opting for unflavoured varieties of milk, yoghurt, and cheese to limit added sugars.

Not sure where to start? Follow these guidelines set out by the Heart Foundation to maintain healthy eating habits if youre stuck indoors in self-isolation.

Thinkingaheadandplanning meals helps to ensure youreeating healthy meals all day long and the best part is, it could also help you save some cash too.

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Nuts are in, biscuits are out: Maintain a healthy diet during isolation - Starts at 60

Lisa Riley, is best known for playing Mandy Dingle in Emmerdale as a guest appearance on the show in 1995 and joined the regular cast permanently in 1996. She left in 2001, however later returned in 2019. She has recently opened up about her battle with her weight and confidence. Lisa - who has gone from a dress size 28 to a size 14 - has been showing off her weight loss on social media and it hasnt gone unnoticed by fans, with many flooding her Instagram photos with comments.

The Emmerdale star said she now looks at old photos of herself and asks whos that girl as she no longer recognises her old self.

Lisa slimmed down after giving up alcohol and junk food in 2012, but was left with a huge amount of excess skin.

The actress relied on a simple trick to slim down. At the beginning of her weight loss journey, Lisa watched her portion sizes and has now added a minimum of 30 minutes of exercise a day to her lifestyle.

Opening up about her decision to lose weight, Lisa told the Mirror: I started thinking about my own health.

READ MORE:Catherine Tyldesley weight loss: How the Coronation Street star lost huge amount of weight

People forget how gigantic I was. With the skin removal I lost 12 stone, one pound.

The surgeon chopped off one stone, four pounds. Since then my weight has more or less stayed the same.

Commenting on her new diet, Lisa added: Now, for lunch I eat either a bowl of soup or a plain jacket potato. Im never going to be a size 28 again.

The actress is known for playing Mandy Dingle in Emmerdale, but the soap has been suspended temporarily because of the coronavirus outbreak and Lisa is currently self-isolating at home.

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Over the weekend, Lisa shared a selfie, encouraging her followers to stay at home.

The sun is shining but I beg you PLEASE stay inside and respect the lives of EVERYONE.

Last year she shared a clip of her workout routine on a cruise with Strictly Come Dancing.

She captioned the video, which showed her sweating as she worked out on a machine: So here I am doing what I do best working out HARD.

Fans soon commented on the Instagram video as they encouraged her on her fitness journey.

You really are enjoying exercise, one comment read.

Wow you are so beautiful. A second added.

In 2012, the soap star shared her secret to maintaining her new weight loss.

I was the classic over-eater but I have completely changed my attitude towards food, said Lisa, whose favourite foods were crisps, crumpets, white bread and pasta.

I used to go out for a meal and have a starter, main and pudding. No wonder I was gaining weight.

Lisa Rileys Honesty Diet book was released last year and retails at 16.99. The diet plan came out on top five weeks running as the cheapest way to lose weight on ITVs Save Money: Lose Weight - costing just 11.79 for every pound lost.

Lisas Honesty Diet focuses on eating lots of fresh food and working out, with the focus on enjoying what youre eating and being as inexpensive as possible.

In 2017 she filmed a documentary detailing her weight loss titled Lisas Baggy Body Club.

Speaking in the film, she said: I feel like a balloon thats had all its helium taken out.

This encouraged her to open up about the battle on her ITV documentary. The actress underwent a tummy tuck, surgery to remove the loose skin from her thighs and the removal of excess skin on her arms.

Despite the tummy luck leaving scars behind, Lisa shared that it was worth it to get rid of the saggy skin.

Read more:
Lisa Riley weight loss: Emmerdale stars strict diet that led to losing 12 stone - Express.co.uk

Dietary calcium intake was found to have a significant positive association with total bone mineral density (BMD) in adolescents, according to results from a cross-sectional study published in Endocrine Connections.

Adequate calcium intake during adolescence is critical for bone health in adulthood, but the optimal calcium intake to maintain skeletal growth remains unclear. In addition, the influence of dietary calcium intake on BMD is not yet fully understood.

To establish whether self-reported dietary calcium intake has an effect on BMD, data from 10,092 US children and adolescents from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) database were analyzed. Overall, 57.14% of the individuals in the study cohort were male, 61.47% were white, 14.57% were black, and 11.36% were Mexican American. Individuals aged 8 to 19 years with complete dietary calcium intake and total BMD data were included.

Dietary calcium intake was assessed with an in-person 24-hour dietary recall session. Proxy-assisted interviews were conducted for children 11 years of age. Total BMD was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scans, and physical activity and calcium supplement use for the 30 days before the in-person interview were self-reported. Serum calcium was measured for all individuals.

Among the 5 quintiles of dietary calcium intake, age, body mass index, income poverty ratio, serum calcium level, total BMD, sex, race/ethnicity, physical activity, and calcium supplement use were all significantly different (P <.0001). After controlling for potential confounding factors, a significant positive association between dietary calcium intake and total BMD was observed. The strongest association was observed in white individuals aged 12 to 15 years, in Mexican Americans aged 8 to 11 or 16 to 19 years, and in other races aged 16 to 19 years. The observed trend was significant in all groups except individuals of other races aged 8 to 11 years.

Inflection points were found in the following groups: children aged 12 to 15 years, females, and black individuals. For these groups, total BMD decreased when the dietary calcium intake was more than 2.6 to 2.8 g/d.

These findings indicate that dietary calcium intake positively correlates with total BMD, and that race/ethnicity, sex, and age affect optimal calcium supplement intake. A large proportion of children and adolescents in the United States may attain greater bone mineral density if they increase their dietary calcium intake within safe limits.

Limitations to the study included its observational nature and reliance on individual recall and self-reporting. Further examination of the effect of higher dietary calcium intake on total BMD in female adolescents, black adolescents, and adolescents aged 12 to 15 years is warranted.

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Reference

Pan K, Zhang C, Yao X, Zhu Z. Association between dietary calcium intake and BMD in children and adolescents. Endocr Connect. 2020;(9):194-200.

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Dietary Calcium Intake Positively Associated With Total BMD in Adolescents - Endocrinology Advisor