Category Archives: Diet And Food

Kevin Winter/Getty Images Kyle NewportFeatured ColumnistMarch 1, 2017

If you think WWE superstar Bill Goldberg can roll out of bed and look the way he looks, think again.

Just like everyone else, he has to put in the work to maintain his body. Given that he has been a wrestler (among other professions, like football player and actor) for much of the last two decades, he has to stay in shape.

In an interesting feature with GQ's Mick Rouse, the 50-year-old Goldberg details his daily regime that involves a strict diet. As with every meal plan, he has come up with some basic guidelines:

Those are tips that anyone looking for a healthy lifestyle can follow. Nothing dramaticjust sound advice.

Of course, there's more to a diet than general guidelines. There are the actual meals that are consumed throughout the day. Like any athlete, Goldberg has to put down quite a bit of food in order to stay in wrestling shape:

The amount of food I have to take inI had to take in a huge amount of food back in the day, but the amount that I have to take in now just to seemingly gain a couple of pounds is unfathomable. I am like a machineeven more so than I was beforejust trying to attain, physically, something that is passable, let alone Goldberg-esque.

Although he doesn't give an exact calorie count, the 6'4", 285-pound Goldberg dished on the details of his meal plan:

"Well, the first breakfast I had today, I had six servings of oatmeal, 20 blueberries, and a couple tablespoons of honey on it. Then I trained. Afterwards, I had twelve eggs with two yolks, six pieces of bacon, four pieces of gluten-free toast with avocado. Then a shake. After that I had two gluten-free pizzas with loads and loads of hamburger meat for protein on top of it. Then another shake. My son and I are about to go to Muay Thai, but on the way we're going to have some pho. Some soup and noodles, some shrimp. Then I'll do some training at Muay Thai and on the way home we'll get some pho again for dinner, because the wife hasn't eaten it yet today. Then I'll do the family thing, and then I'll eat again. I don't know what I'll have this evening."

It's a good thing he loves to cook.

Goldberg admitted he has a soft spot for popcorn, but overall he does his best to eat right. If you ever wondered what it takes to be a professional wrestler, one of the best just gave an inside look at the day-to-day life.

[GQ]

See the article here:
WWE Superstar Goldberg Details Daily Diet That Keeps Him in ... - Bleacher Report

Teens eating hamburgers Brooke Auchincloss / Getty Images stock

It doesn't mean that breast cancer is a woman's fault, but it does show that what you eat early in life could have repercussions decades later, said Dr. Karin Michels of the University of California Los Angeles, who helped lead the study.

"It is actually quite serious," Michels, who did the work while at Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, told NBC News.

"We should advise our girls and teenagers to eat healthy because breast cancer does seem to have a much earlier origin than we have appreciated in the past. Cancer in general takes years, potentially even decades, to develop."

Breast cancer is the No. 2 cancer killer of U.S. women, after lung cancer. Every year, it's diagnosed in 200,000 women and a few men, and kills around 40,000.

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For the report, Michels and colleagues turned to the Nurses Health Study, a giant, ongoing look at the health of tens of thousands of women working in medicine.

"In 1997, participants were asked if they would be willing to complete a supplemental food frequency questionnaire about diet during high school." That's one weakness of the study - it required women to remember what they ate decades before.

The researchers threw out results from anyone whose memories seemed especially bad and were left with 45,000. Of them, 1,477 developed breast cancer over the next 22 years including 870 who developed premenopausal breast cancer.

They divided the women into quintiles - five groups based on how many "inflammatory" foods they ate and how often. These include sugar-sweetened and diet soft drinks, refined grains, red and processed meat, margarine, corn, other vegetables, and fish.

The opposite of an inflammatory diet includes green leafy vegetables, cruciferous vegetables such as cabbage and broccoli, and coffee.

"Among all women there was no significant association between a higher inflammatory dietary pattern score in adolescence and overall breast cancer incidence," they wrote in the journal Cancer Research.

"However, a significant association was observed between a higher adolescent inflammatory dietary pattern score and incidence of premenopausal breast cancer."

Women who remembered having eaten a very highly inflammatory diet as teens were 35 percent more likely to develop premenopausal breast cancer than women who ate the least inflammatory diet, they found.

And the more inflammatory foods a woman ate, the higher her risk, Michels said.

They did not break down the diet by individual foods, Michels said, so they cannot tell women that, say, dropping red meat will help even if they continue to drink soda.

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"Every step helps. It is just like with physical activity," Michaels said. "People ask, 'do I have to go to the gym three hours a day' and the answer is any activity is better than none."

It's the same with food, she said.

"Personally, I am a vegetarian, so I think giving up red meat is a good first step," she said. "Others may find it easier to give up refined carbohydrates."

Going healthy later in life does not seem to help as much as starting out eating well, Michels said. And women whose diet worsened as they entered middle age did not seem to raise their riskof later breast cancer.

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"A healthy lifestyle early on is much, much more important than we appreciated," Michels said.

"Now we have to communicate to girls."

Many studies have linked diet to the risk of various cancers, and another study published Wednesday found obesity raises the risk of 11 cancers, including breast cancer.

This study can not definitively show eating poorly as a teen causes breast cancer. To show that, researchers would have to randomly assign large numbers of teenagers to eat different diets and then watch what happened for 20 years -- something that's clearly unworkable.

And it's possible that teens who ate better had other lifelong healthy habits. Either way, there are many benefits to eating less refined flour, sugar and red meat and more vegetables and the srtudy shows that doing so early in life can only help.

Separately, a team at the Ohio State Comprehensive Cancer Center found that obesity itself changes the genes in a way that raises the risk of breast cancer. They looked at fat tissue from women undergoing breast reduction surgery.

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Bad Diet in Teen Years Could Raise Later Breast Cancer Risk - NBCNews.com

The heart of a traditional Mediterranean diet is mainly vegetarianmuch lower in meat and dairy than a standard Western dietand uses fruit for dessert. So, its no surprise that those eating that way had very low heart disease rates compared to those eating standard Western diets. My video below gives the lowdown on the link between the fats we eat and the health of our arteries.

A landmark study has been cited to suggest that all types of fatwhether animal or vegetableare associated with the appearance of new atherosclerotic lesions in our coronary arteries, which feed our hearts. About 100 men were given angiograms at baseline and then again two years later, looking for the development of coronary lesions, all while monitoring their diets every year.

Only about 1 in 20 eating lower fat diets had new lesions, compared to about 8 in 20 on more typical American diets of around 33% or more fat. But, when the researchers drilled down, only three types of fat appeared to increase significantly the likelihood of the appearance of new lesions: lauric, oleic, and linoleic.

Lauric acid is a saturated fat found in coconut oil and palm kernel oil, which can be found in such junk foods as whipped cream and candy bars. Oleic comes from the Latin word oleum, for olive oil, but thats not where the subjects of this study were getting their oleic acid. The top sources for Americans are basically cake, chicken, and pork, and linoleic comes mostly from chicken. So, the study really just showed that people eating lots of junk, chicken, and pork tended to close off their coronary arteries.

To see if major sources of plant fats like olive oil or nuts help or hurt, ideally wed do a multi-year, randomized study where wed take thousands of people, have one-third eat more nuts, another third eat more olive oil, and the final third do essentially nothing, and then see who does better. And thats exactly what some researchers did. The PREDIMED study took thousands of people in Spain who were at high risk for heart disease and were already eating a Mediterranean-ish diet, and randomized them into three groups for a couple of yearsone group with added extra virgin olive oil, a second with added nuts, and a third group that was told to cut down on fat, but actually didnt, so basically ended up as a no-dietary-changes control group. What happened to the amount of plaque in their arteries over time?

Whereas there was significant worsening of carotid artery thickening and plaque in the no-dietary-changes control group, those in the added-nuts group showed a significant reversal in thickening and an arrest in plaque progression. There were no significant changes in the added olive oil group.

The richness of the plant-based MedDiet [Mediterranean diet] in potentially beneficial foods, such as fruit, vegetables, legumes, nuts, cereals, and olive oil, is believed to explain its cardioprotective effects. However, these results suggest nuts are a preferable source of fat compared to olive oil and may delay the progression of atherosclerosis, the harbinger of future cardiovascular events such as stroke. Adding nuts appeared to cut the risk of stroke in half.

Note, though, they were still having strokes, albeit half as many. So, the nuts appeared to be helping. However, they were still eating a diet conducive to strokes and heart attacks. All three groups had basically the same heart attack rates, the same overall death rates. Thats what Dr. Ornish, a proponent of a mostly whole foods, plant-based diet, noted when he commented on the study: There was no significant reduction in the rates of heart attack, death from cardiovascular causes, or death from any cause, only that stroke benefit.

But, hey, thats not nothing. A Mediterranean diet is certainly better than what most people are consuming, but a diet based on whole plant foods may be even better, since its shown to reverse heart disease, not contribute to it. The authors of the study replied that they didnt wish to detract from Ornishs work, noting that Mediterranean and plant-based diets actually share a great number of foods in common. Yes, Ornishs diet can reverse heart disease. The major problem with the Ornish diet, argued proponents of the Mediterranean diet, is that it doesnt taste good, so hardly anyone sticks to it.

In health,

Michael Greger, M.D.

PS: If you havent yet, you can subscribe to my free videoshereand watch my live, year-in-review presentations2015:Food as Medicine: Preventing and Treating the Most Dreaded Diseases with Diet, and my latest, 2016:How Not to Die: The Role of Diet in Preventing, Arresting, and Reversing Our Top 15 Killers

Related:

The Mediterranean Diet or a Whole Food Plant-Based Diet? Which Parts of the Mediterranean Diet Extended Life? Improving on the Mediterranean Diet

Disclaimer: The views expressed above are solely those of the author and may not reflect those of Care2, Inc., its employees or advertisers.

Continued here:
Does a Mediterranean Diet Improve Atherosclerosis? - Care2.com

Could a ketogenic diet alleviate gout? -- ScienceDaily Science Daily Recent work has shown that the ketone body ?-hydroxybutyrate can specifically inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome. They found that feeding rats a high-fat, ... and more »

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Could a ketogenic diet alleviate gout? -- ScienceDaily - Science Daily

"It is now the most popular diet in Hollywood," said Dr. Alessio Fasano, director of the Center for Celiac Research and Treatment at Massachusetts General Hospital, who has led world-renowned research on gluten.

Nonetheless, "this is a medical intervention," he said. "For those who just brush it off that this is a fad and a fashion lifestyle, be considerate of the people that survive on this diet. For people with celiac disease, the gluten-free diet is like insulin for diabetics."

So how did gluten-free eating shift from a rare treatment approach to a trendy way of living? Here's a look at the rise and fall of gluten and how the gluten-free diet has shaped public health over the years.

World War II wreaked havoc across most of Europe. Children became malnourished, with limited access to fruits, vegetables and especially wheat. While that lack weakened the health of most, it seemed to strengthen those with celiac disease.

"This gentleman during World War II noted that the mortality of celiac disease was zero, and he didn't realize immediately why until when the war was over and the mortality went back to the pre-war era," Fasano said.

"Something during the war that was missing was the culprit, and one of the commodities that was missing was wheat. As a matter of fact, flour during the war was made with potato starch and not with wheat," he said.

"There's nothing specifically bad about gluten or specifically good about a gluten-free diet, outside of for these specific -- not uncommon but relatively small -- populations of people with celiac disease, which is about 1% of people in the general population," said Dr. Daniel Leffler, director of research at the Celiac Center at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston.

Why exactly can gluten make those with celiac sick? Scientists originally viewed it as a food allergy, but that all changed in the decades to come.

Scientists uncovered the first signs that celiac disease could be an autoimmune disorder -- instead of an allergic one -- in the 1970s, Leffler said.

"This was sort of a surprise, because HLA-DQ2 was already known to be linked to type 1 diabetes, which is another classic autoimmune disease, but not to any of the allergic diseases. So the genetics that people with celiac disease have is much more similar to autoimmune diseases," Leffler said.

It was still thought that only people with celiac disease could have such reactions to gluten, but then the idea emerged that gluten could impact the health of some people without celiac disease, too.

"The new kid on the block is gluten sensitivity or the so-called non-celiac gluten sensitivity," said Dr. Anca Safta, assistant professor and pediatric GI section head at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center in North Carolina.

However, Safta said that since non-celiac gluten sensitivity is still new to the scientific literature, much confusion remains around it as a medical condition. For now, non-celiac gluten sensitivity is viewed as a condition that has the same symptoms of celiac disease but without the immune system damaging the intestines.

"The symptoms are there. Folks do get better once they remove the gluten-containing products, and the very important thing is to exclude celiac disease from the picture, as celiac disease implies that the intestinal mucosa has suffered damage," Safta said.

"As we're learning more, we don't even know if we have the correct nomenclature for non-celiac gluten sensitivity," she said. "It might not be gluten that is causing this non-celiac gluten sensitivity, and it might be a different protein found in wheat, but because of the exclusion of the gluten-containing products for symptoms to improve, that's why it's kind of gotten the name of non-celiac gluten sensitivity."

By this point, however, gluten sensitivity -- whether celiac or not -- had been mostly observed and studied in Europe. That would change in the next decade.

Fasano, director of the Center for Celiac Research and Treatment at Massachusetts General Hospital, saw many cases of celiac disease early in his career as a pediatric gastroenterologist in Naples, Italy.

"Celiac disease was considered extremely rare, almost nonexisting in the United States, and that was a quite interesting observation given at the same time in Europe, where I was coming from, there was a rampage of epidemics of celiac disease all over," Fasano said.

"Now you know, whenever you look for it, you find it, provided there are genes and environmental triggers," Fasano said of celiac disease.

"We have a major problem of celiac disease in India for example now, particularly in the northern region of the Punjab," he said. "We have problems of celiac disease in South America. We have a growing rampant problem of celiac disease in China, anywhere that you have the genetic background and the westernization of your diet."

Fasano then published more data, leading to a landmark paper that would change the scientific community's view of gluten in America.

There was a big study in the United States done by Alessio Fasano that found the prevalence of celiac disease in the United States at around 1%, which was 10 times higher than what people thought it was in the United States before that, said Leffler, of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.

"It really was a critical study," Leffler said.

Once Fasano turned a spotlight on celiac disease in the US, many more studies emerged about gluten sensitivity among Americans, some suggesting that a gluten-free diet may benefit a subgroup of patients with various health disorders.

"There is a possibility that some groups of individuals with other chronic inflammatory conditions, including autoimmune diseases like diabetes or multiple sclerosis, of course autism ... and schizophrenia ... there could be a subgroup of these individuals that could benefit from embracing a gluten-free diet," Fasano said.

"For schizophrenia, for example, we're talking about 20% or 25%. That's not a trivial number," he said. "The same applies with autism, which also the numbers seem to adjust a little bit less, roughly 20%."

As scientists explored curious connections between gluten-free diets and various disorders, celebrities started to weigh in.

"Gluten is crapppp anyway," she tweeted.

At the same time, companies also expanded the types of products they offer to cater to a growing gluten-free consumer base.

At the same time, more consumers who didn't have celiac disease or non-celiac gluten sensitivity took on gluten-free diets by choice.

Yet experts warn that gluten-free eating might not offer benefits if you don't have gluten sensitivity -- and that the diet could do more harm than good.

"We definitely don't recommend a gluten-free diet for weight loss. My dietician will tell you that. The reason why is, when they remove gluten from a lot of these foods to make them taste more appealing, they add more calories or carbohydrates," said Dr. Runa Watkins, assistant professor at the University of Maryland School of Medicine, who specializes in celiac disease.

"The second thing is, being on a gluten-free diet also puts you at risk for other nutritional deficiencies in the long run, such as like B-12 and zinc and folate," she added, "And cost-wise, it can be expensive. So we definitely don't recommend it just because."

All in all, for those who need to consume a gluten-free diet as a treatment for celiac disease, Watkins recommends to keep at it.

"This is a lifetime disorder that is treated with a gluten-free diet to allow healing of the gut. But when this is achieved, it doesn't mean you can go back to a gluten-containing diet," she said.

Fasano hopes the pendulum on gluten's reputation will swing in the opposite direction, from painting gluten as a monster back to depicting it as a simple protein that some can healthily digest and others cannot.

"The pendulum was all the way to left, where before, the pioneer patients with celiac disease really had a hard time to survive," Fasano said.

"Now. the pendulum is all the way to the right, where this is a fashionable diet," he said. "I think that in the future, we will see a readjustment of the pendulum. and hopefully we'll go back to where it belongs. I of course think everybody with celiac disease needs to be on a gluten-free diet. The people that will be affected by other gluten-free-related eating disorders, like wheat allergy or non-celiac gluten sensitivity, should go on a gluten-free diet, and then there is a question mark for others."

Originally posted here:
Gluten-free diets: Where do we stand? - CNN.com - CNN

Construction on New Bern's First Street road diet, which originally was scheduled to begin in 10 years, could possibly begin this year.

Construction on New Berns First Street road diet, which originally was scheduled to begin in 10 years, could possibly begin this year. William Kincannon, a project development engineer with the N.C. Department of Transportation, told New Bern aldermen Tuesday night the First Street road diet originally was scheduled for right of way acquisition in 2026 with construction beginning in 2027. But the 1-mile project was not that difficult and could begin this year. Jeff Cabaniss, district planning engineer for DOT, said the $800,000 road diet project will transform the current four-lane street into a two-lane street with a center turn lane. It is designed to make travel on First Street safer with fewer conflict points. The new configuration will start at First Streets intersection with Broad Street and transition back into a four-lane at the Lawson Creek Park entrance. Plans also call for bike paths and sidewalks. First Street has a traffic count of about 10,000 vehicles a day, Cabaniss said. DOT recently did a similar road diet project in Washington on a four-lane corridor with a traffic count of 16,000 vehicles a day and it is working well, he said. Some of the concerns aldermen had came from Dallas Blackiston, who asked if the bike lanes were wide enough. Kincannon said they would be 4 feet wide. He also asked if DOT ever had to take a road diet out of a corridor. Kincannon said that happened in Wilmington in a section of street that made it more difficult for motorists to drive off when traveling to the barrier islands. Alderman Bernard White said he was concerned with the drop-off beside the road on the Pembroke side of the overpass and asked if rails could be installed along that section when the sidewalks are installed. Kincannon said they could, adding DOT did that on a project in Greenville. Alderman Jeffrey Odham asked if the project would be sacrificing road width by putting in sidewalks. Kincannon said they would only gain space by taking out a lane. The plans call for three 12-foot lanes and 4-foot bike lanes, he said. Alderman Victor Taylor said the project area was the only area in New Bern with a lot of foot traffic that does not have sidewalks. We need to do something about it and quit talking about it, he said, adding it was really the only unsafe place in New Bern for pedestrians and bicyclists. Alderman E.T. Mitchell agreed saying she almost hit someone on a bike with her vehicle while traveling on the road. Mitchell made a motion to support DOTs plans, seconded by Taylor, and it passed unanimously.

Other projects outlined The other State Transportation Improvement Plans, or STIP, the board supported Tuesday included the southern leg of the N.C. 43 Connector and a roundabout on Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard and N.C. 55/Neuse Boulevard at Taco Bell. The roundabout concept is somewhat new to North Carolina, Cabaniss said. It is designed for high capacity and low delays. They are also safer than intersections, he said. The approximately $1.7 million roundabout planned for MLK and Neuse boulevards will be much bigger than the one at the end of Broad Street at the intersection with East Front Street. It will be able to accommodate tractor-trailers, Cabaniss said. Mayor Dana Outlaw said one positive point the roundabout provides is it will eliminate two traffic signals. But he was concerned about the ambulances traveling to and from the hospital that use that intersection all the time. Odham said he was concerned with Neuse Boulevard entering the MLK Boulevard at an angle. But Kincannon said there were many configurations that could be used and once the project gets to the design phase the plans will be brought back before the board to consider. Mitchell said she was concerned with ongoing construction work at CarolinaEast Medical Centner and how construction on the roundabout would affect that. Kincannon said traffic flow and access to businesses will be maintained during construction, and DOT would work with everyone who might be impacted by the work. DOT did its first roundabout project in Greenville on Fire Tower Road and it took about 15 months to complete, Kincannon said. Odham asked how the project came about. The New Bern Area Metropolitan Planning Organization, or MPO, requested the projects, Cabaniss said. Maurizia Chapman, MPO administrator, said Wednesday morning the planning process started two years ago, information on the three projects was sent to the MPOs technical coordinating committee (professional staff) and transportation advisory committee (elected officials that included Alderman Johnnie Ray Kinsey). It was an open process with public meetings, she said. When it came to the roundabout, Chapman said there were three requests: the MLK and Neuse Boulevard location; the intersection at Broad and Queen streets in Five Points; and the intersection at Pollock and Queen streets, which did not qualify because Pollock Street was not a state-maintained road, Chapman said. Another project that might get moved up from its 2020 construction schedule is the N.C. 43 connector starting from Trent Creek Road at the intersection with U.S. 17 Business near Ben D. Quinn Elementary School. About 1 mile of the project to connect U.S. 17 Business with U.S. 70 was completed last year. The total 2.3-mile project will cost approximately $7.5 million. Our desire is to try to construct it as early as possible, Cabaniss said. But first, the projects will have to go before the state Board of Transportation in June for final approval. Everything is in the preliminary, draft stage, Cabaniss said. DOT is approaching the STIP in a new way by presenting plans to local government councils at the beginning of the planning process instead of waiting a year after consultants have work on them. In the past, projects have been administered out of Raleigh, Cabaniss said Wednesday. Now they are administered locally at the division office so its better we get to meet the councils early and introduce the project.

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Aldermen briefed on 'road diet' and other projects - New Bern Sun Journal

WESTON, WV(Marketwired February 23, 2017) The physicians and researchers at Diet Doc medical weight loss are urging consumers to choose wisely when it comes to weight loss strategies this year. Certain diets are gaining popularity due to an enormous internet presence, which leaves little room for proven, researched based weight loss strategies. This can lead many individuals to make unsafe dietary choices simply because a fad has allegedly produced satisfactory results for other dieters. The hGG diet is a prime example of this. Produced during pregnancy, the human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG) is purported to stimulate weight loss in conjunction with a calorie restrictive diet plan (only 500 calories per day are to be consumed). Supporters claim that HCG injections, drops or tablets target and eliminate long-stored fat reserves within the body. Over the past few years, the marketing and promotion of the hCG diet for weight loss have grown astronomically on the internet and the vast majority of the information on hCG and its corresponding products offered online are designed to confuse and make profit from an unknowing public. The truth, is that the medical industry has never supported the hCG diet. In fact, since its emergence in the 1950s, it still has yet to be deemed effective, or safe by any reputable medical organization.

Consuming a mere 500 calories per day can lead to health problems and since hCG isnt FDA regulated, most online retailers are selling products that contain little to no hCG. Therefore, any quick weight loss that occurs from the hCG diet is due to starvation dieting. There are claims that hCG is a permanent cure for obesity and that patients who on the hCG diet are losing two pounds of fat per day. However, any legitimate weight loss expert knows that starvation dieting is dangerous and can cause more harm than good. Rapid muscle loss, excessive bloating, binge eating, weight rebounds, poor nutrition and low-energy are just a few of the potentially negative side effects of such diets. Lastly, many existing websites claim that hCG permanently resets the metabolism. But experts suggest that any method one utilizes to lose weight, whether it be diet, exercise or gastric bypass surgery, once the weight is off long-term, a consistent weight maintenance regimen must be implemented to keep the weight and health in check.

Diet Doc wants consumers to know that there are in fact, many other safer dieting strategies for weight loss which are more effective than the severely restricted diet. The best options will be those which offer nutritional support and doctor supervision throughout the process. Dr. Rao, Medical Director of Diet Doc states that, Weight loss goals can be met by the development of specific nutrition plans, dietary supplements and guidance to ensure that body composition changes are optimal for each individual. Diet Doc also offers their clients unlimited access to nutritional coaches and weight loss experts by phone, which means no traveling to weight loss centers for weigh-ins and prescription pickups. Dedicated patients can follow Diet Docs guidance and start safely losing up to 20 pounds per month.

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Diet Doc Reminds Consumers that the hCG Diet is not a Viable Weight Loss Strategy - Military Technologies

A diet that mimics fasting temporarily put mice in a starvation state, reversing diabetes in the animals, according to a new study. The diet was also shown to reduce the risk factors in people with pre-diabetes

Research by investigators at the University of Southern California showed the special, fasting-mimicking diet triggers the development of insulin-producing cells in mice with diabetes. The study was published in the journal Cell.

In humans, an earlier study of the diet reduced the risk factors of diabetes, such as elevated blood sugar, in people who were headed toward development of the disease. An article on the diet in humans appeared in Science Translational Medicine.

In both Type 1 diabetes and in the later stages of Type 2 diabetes, the beta cells of the pancreas are destroyed. But the authors said the diet appears to "reboot" the body, switching on genes that trigger the release of stem cells, master cells responsible for organ development.

More than fasting required

However, fasting alone is not the key to restoring insulin levels. Scientists said refeeding after the brief starvation diet, with specially calibrated nutrients, is critical to kickstarting the production of new beta cells.

FILE - A woman fills a syringe as she prepares to give herself an injection of insulin.

The process of stem cell activation is the same as seen in embryos to stimulate organ growth, according to gerontology professor Valter Longo, the director of USC's Longevity Institute and senior author of both studies. He said the fasting-mimicking diet can be used to reprogram cells without any genetic alterations.

"So basically the system is using some of the same program that we use during embryonic and fetal development to regenerate the pancreas once the food comes back around," he said. "And that's the trick. It's not so much the starvation. It's really the combination of the starvation and the refeeding." And, he stressed, "the refeeding's got to be a high-nourishment one."

Study participants put on the high-fat, low-calorie, low-protein diet consumed between 800 and 1,100 calories daily for five days in a row each month for three months. After each fast, they were refed with nutrient-rich foods.

Researchers found fasting triggered the production of a protein called Ngn3, which generated new, healthy beta cells that secreted insulin. They saw production of insulin in a dish in pancreatic cells extracted from mice and from healthy human donors and patients with both types of diabetes.

Scientists found the diet replaced damaged insulin-producing cells with new functioning ones in mice placed on the diet for four days.

Heart disease, cancer risks

The investigators have also amassed evidence that the fasting-mimicking diet reduces the risk of age-related diseases, including heart disease and cancer. It may also hold benefits for people with multiple sclerosis, said researchers.

FILE - A woman who suffers from diabetes is seen walking on a treadmill as part of an exercise program to help control the disease.

But Longo said people with diabetes should not try the diet at home yet because it can drop blood sugar to perilously low levels if they don't know what they are doing. "We warn people that, particularly [for people with] Type 1 or patients that inject themselves with insulin, it can be very risky or even lethal," Longo cautioned.

He said investigators were poised to begin larger human clinical trials of the fasting-mimicking diet in the next six months.

Original post:
Fasting Diet Reverses Diabetes in Mice - Voice of America

Full disclosure: I don't really get juicing. Don't get me wrong, I've slurped down some delicious veggie and ginger concoctions and done my fair share of shots of lemon and turmeric. But spending 10 bucks onor trying to replace breakfast witha beverage that essentially amounts to cold, sugary soup has just never sounded appealing.

Still, there's no accounting for taste, and I don't begrudge folks who enjoy sipping on cold carrot water. But don't pretend that juicing is good for you.

Researchers have tackled the pervasive myths of juice-related health benefits in a study published Monday in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. In an attempt to cut through confusion surrounding research on nutrition, the study authors reviewed existing reports on various fad diets looking for any sign of actual benefit. Many of these popular dietary choices are supported by the "evidence" of a single study or two, meaning the results haven't been replicated by enough scientists to be taken as truth. Others are based on industry-funded studies that are likely biased, or are based on research that relied on self-reported surveys, where folks are known to lie aboutor simply misremembertheir eating habits.

Unsurprisingly, the cardiologists focused on the effects of fad diets on heart health. But let's be real: if your diet is bad for your heart, can you even pretend it's "healthy"? Nah.

Juicing was called out for its tendency to sneak extra sugarand caloriesinto your diet. When you juice a fruit, you remove the healthful fiber contained therein. You're basically just drinking sugar water with some vitamins in it. You'd be better off eating a few carrots and apples than drinking a whole grocery cart worth of fruits and veggies in one sitting.

"There are things that youre going to have in the whole fruit that you cant get into the juice," Keith Ayoob of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, who wasn't involved in the new study, told ABC. "Also the other side is to remember that your gut is a great juicer, it just works more slowly. Let your teeth and digestive tract do what its supposed to do. And the fiber in fruits and vegetables is critical to a healthy diet."

And that leads us to another important point: detoxing. If you're drinking fruit juice instead of eating real food, you might roll your eyes at a doctor's warning about sugar and caloriesafter all, you're going to consume fewer calories overall if you drink 50 carrots a day than if you eat breakfast, lunch, and dinner. But your body is perfectly capable of filtering out "toxins" without a juice cleanse, and juicing in this manner might actually make your body filter out the bad stuff more slowly. Meanwhile, all those sugar spikes will do a real number on you, and could actually make it harder for you to lose weight in the long run.

Lest you think the researchers just have it in for kale juice, the study's disclosure of conflicts of interest actually reveal that one of the authors serves as a scientific advisor for Pressed Juicery. Dr. Miller is clearly not shilling for Big Juice. Dr. Miller is gonna tell it like it is.

But juicing wasn't the only dietary fad to attract the researchers' ire:

The study also takes a stab at coconut oil, a much-lauded "healthy" fat. The oil has more saturated fat than even butter or lard, but its popularity has surged in recent years due to many reports of health benefits.

But "current claims of documented health benefits of the tropical oils are unsubstantiated," according to the new study, "and use of these oils should be discouraged."

And then there's gluten. Hoo boy, gluten. The study authors conclude thatunless you have a wheat allergy, celiac disease, or are one of the six percent of the population that has some other type of sensitivity to this wheat proteinthere's no sound evidence that cutting gluten out of your diet has any health benefit. But unlike the whole juicing thing, there's no harm in avoiding gluten if you really want toas long as you're not filling up the resulting gaps in your daily food intake with foods high in calories or cholesterol.

The bottom line? Any diet that has you swapping food for sugar water is probably misguided. And while your daily dietary needs may very, you probably already know what a heart-healthy diet looks like: leafy greens, fresh fruits, and taking it easy when it comes to calories.

All in all, the analysis is a good reminder of just how confusing it can be to navigate the landscape of nutritional research. Just remember: a single study doesn't mean anything. Scientists need to reproduce the same results over and over again, in different circumstances and settings, to determine how likely something is to hold true. So stop worrying about new research praising the health benefits of wine or demonizing your favorite wheat product. Instead, stick to the things you know are healthyand enjoy the rest in moderation.

Link:
Juicing isn't actually good for you and your diet is probably dumb - Popular Science

New research examines the effects of a high-fat, low-carb ketogenic diet on both rodents and humans, and suggests that it can alleviate the symptoms of gout.

Gout is a rheumatic disease that affects more than 8 million people in the United States. It is caused by either an excessive production or insufficient excretion of uric acid. In gout, the uric acid crystals sediment in tissues and fluids, triggering the body's immune cells. This results in disabling pain, inflammation, and fever.

These episodes of immune cell reactivation, also known as flares, are triggered by a protein complex called the NLRP3 inflammasome.

New research from the laboratory of Vishwa Deep Dixit - professor of comparative medicine and immunobiology at Yale School of Medicine in New Haven, CT - suggests that the so-called ketogenic diet may help to relieve the symptoms of gout.

A ketogenic diet is low in carbohydrates and typically used to lose weight. Ketogenic diets work by inducing "physiological ketosis" in the body - a state of the metabolism where the body's reserves of glucose are no longer enough for the body's central nervous system.

The central nervous system then needs an alternative source of energy, so it makes the liver turn fats into fatty acids and ketone bodies.

The new study - published in the journal Cell Reports - suggests that one of these ketone bodies, the beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), may alleviate urate crystal-induced gout.

The research team developed a new model of gout flares in rodents.

As the researchers explain, these flares are triggered by the NLRP3 inflammasome. With the help of neutrophils - the most common type of white blood cell - NLRP3 activates the IL-1B pro-inflammatory cytokine, leading to episodes of intense pain, fever, and the destruction of joints.

In the rodent model, researchers induced gout by injecting 1.25 milligrams of monosodium urate into rats' knees. Researchers measured knee thickness and performed pathology analyses on the rats' ligaments and menisci.

The rodents were kept in pathogen-free conditions and fed a ketogenic diet 1 week before starting the experiments. Scientists measured the levels of BHB in the rodents' blood.

The scientists also examined human subjects. They recruited healthy, steroid-free adults aged between 18 and 45, as well as older adults aged 65 and over. Participants were not fasting when their peripheral blood was collected.

Dixit and colleagues also conducted statistical analyses and performed all of the experiments at least twice.

The team found that a ketogenic diet raised BHB levels, which in turn inhibited the NLRP3 inflammasome. As a consequence, the symptoms of urate crystal-induced gout were alleviated, without negatively impacting the immune system or its ability to defend against bacterial infections.

Additionally, BHB blocked IL-1B in the neutrophils of both mice and humans, regardless of age. Dixit and colleagues conclude that:

"Collectively, our studies show that BHB, a known alternate metabolic fuel, is also an anti-inflammatory molecule that may serve as a treatment for gout."

Emily Goldberg, co-author on the study, associate research scientist, and clinical veterinarian in comparative medicine, explains the findings:

"In isolated neutrophils, [BHB] completely blocked NLRP3 inflammasome activation, even when provided at low concentrations that are physiologically achievable through dietary modification."

She also suggests that targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome to reduce inflammation during a flare may improve the gout patients' symptoms. However, she admits that more studies are needed to test this possibility.

Learn how gout flare-ups could be managed by blood pressure diet.

Read more from the original source:
Ketogenic diet may protect against gout - Medical News Today