Nordmo M., Danielsen Y. S., & Nordmo M. The challenge of keeping it off, a descriptive systematic review of high-quality, follow-up studies of obesity treatments. Obes. Rev. 21, 12949 (2020).
Rosenbaum, M., Hirsch, J., Gallagher, D. A. & Leibel, R. L. Long-term persistence of adaptive thermogenesis in subjects who have maintained a reduced body weight. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 88, 906912 (2008).
CAS PubMed Article Google Scholar
Leibel, R. L., Rosenbaum, M. & Hirsch, J. Changes in energy expenditure resulting from altered body weight. N. Engl. J. Med 332, 621628 (1995).
CAS PubMed Article Google Scholar
Polidori, D., Sanghvi, A., Seeley, R. J. & Hall, K. D. How Strongly Does Appetite Counter Weight Loss? Quantification of the Feedback Control of Human Energy Intake. Obesity 24, 22892295 (2016).
CAS PubMed Article Google Scholar
Iepsen, E. W., Lundgren, J., Holst, J. J., Madsbad, S. & Torekov, S. S. Successful weight loss maintenance includes long-term increased meal responses of GLP-1 and PYY3-36. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 174, 775784 (2016).
CAS PubMed Article Google Scholar
Nymo, S. et al. Investigation of the long-term sustainability of changes in appetite after weight loss. Int J. Obes. 42, 14891499 (2018).
CAS Article Google Scholar
Christensen, B. J. et al. Instrumentalization of Eating Improves Weight Loss Maintenance in Obesity. Obes. Facts 10, 633647 (2017).
PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Jebb S. A. & Moore M. S. Contribution of a sedentary lifestyle and inactivity to the etiology of overweight and obesity: Current evidence and research issues. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 31 S53441 (1999).
Kernen, A. M. et al. The effect of eating behavior on weight loss and maintenance during a lifestyle intervention. Prev. Med (Balt.) 49, 3238 (2009).
Article Google Scholar
Blundell, J. E. & Finlayson, G. Is susceptibility to weight gain characterized by homeostatic or hedonic risk factors for overconsumption? Physiol. Behav. 82, 2125 (2004).
CAS PubMed Article Google Scholar
Mayer, J., Roy, P. & Mitra, K. P. Relation between caloric intake, body weight, and physical work: studies in an industrial male population in West Bengal. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 4, 169175 (1956).
CAS PubMed Article Google Scholar
Stubbs, R. J. et al. A decrease in physical activity affects appetite, energy, and nutrient balance in lean men feeding ad libitum. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 79, 6269 (2004).
CAS PubMed Article Google Scholar
Hu, F. B., Li, T. Y., Colditz, G. A., Willett, W. C. & Manson, J. A. E. Television Watching and Other Sedentary Behaviors in Relation to Risk of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women. J. Am. Med Assoc. 289, 17851791 (2003).
Article Google Scholar
Redman, L. M. et al. Metabolic and Behavioral Compensations in Response to Caloric Restriction: Implications for the Maintenance of Weight Loss. PLoS One 4, e4377 (2009).
ADS PubMed PubMed Central Article CAS Google Scholar
Melanson, E. L., Keadle, S. K., Donnelly, J. E., Braun, B. & King, N. A. Resistance to exercise-induced weight loss: Compensatory behavioral adaptations. Med Sci. Sports Exerc 45, 16001609 (2013).
PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Flint, A., Raben, A., Astrup, A. & Holst, J. J. Glucagon-like peptide 1 promotes satiety and suppresses energy intake in humans. J. Clin. Invest 101, 515520 (1998).
CAS PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Van Can, J. et al. Effects of the once-daily GLP-1 analog liraglutide on gastric emptying, glycemic parameters, appetite and energy metabolism in obese, non-diabetic adults. Int J. Obes. 38, 784793 (2014).
Article CAS Google Scholar
Horowitz, M. et al. Effect of the once-daily human GLP-1 analogue liraglutide on appetite, energy intake, energy expenditure and gastric emptying in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin. Pr. 97, 258266 (2012).
ADS CAS Article Google Scholar
Iepsen, E. W. et al. Patients with Obesity Caused by Melanocortin-4 Receptor Mutations Can Be Treated with a Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist. Cell Metab. 28, 2332.e3 (2018).
CAS PubMed Article Google Scholar
Blundell, J. et al. Effects of once-weekly semaglutide on appetite, energy intake, control of eating, food preference and body weight in subjects with obesity. Diabetes, Obes. Metab. 19, 12421251 (2017).
CAS Article Google Scholar
Tronieri, J. S. et al. Effects of liraglutide on appetite, food preoccupation, and food liking: results of a randomized controlled trial. Int J. Obes. 44, 353361 (2020).
CAS Article Google Scholar
King, N. A. et al. Dual-process action of exercise on appetite control: Increase in orexigenic drive but improvement in meal-induced satiety. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 90, 921927 (2009).
CAS PubMed Article Google Scholar
Beaulieu, K., Oustric, P. & Finlayson, G. The Impact of Physical Activity on Food Reward: Review and Conceptual Synthesis of Evidence from Observational, Acute, and Chronic Exercise Training Studies. Curr. Obes. Rep. 9, 6380 (2020).
PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Hopkins, M. et al. Activity energy expenditure is an independent predictor of energy intake in humans. Int J. Obes. 43, 14661474 (2019).
Article Google Scholar
Blundell, J. E. et al. Role of resting metabolic rate and energy expenditure in hunger and appetite control: A new formulation. DMM Dis. Model. Mech. 5, 608613 (2012).
PubMed Article Google Scholar
Lundgren, J. R. et al. Healthy Weight Loss Maintenance with Exercise, Liraglutide, or Both Combined. N. Engl. J. Med 384, 171930 (2021).
PubMed Article Google Scholar
Jensen, S. B. K. et al. Protocol for a randomised controlled trial of the combined effects of the GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide and exercise on maintenance of weight loss and health after a very low-calorie diet. BMJ Open 9, e031431 (2019).
PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Finlayson, G., Arlotti, A., Dalton, M., King, N. & Blundell, J. E. Implicit wanting and explicit liking are markers for trait binge eating. A susceptible phenotype for overeating. Appetite 57, 722728 (2011).
PubMed Article Google Scholar
Griffioen-Roose, S., Finlayson, G., Mars, M., Blundell, J. E. & de Graaf, C. Measuring food reward and the transfer effect of sensory specific satiety. Appetite 55, 648655 (2010).
PubMed Article Google Scholar
Angl, S. et al. Three factor eating questionnaire-R18 as a measure of cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating and emotional eating in a sample of young Finnish females. Int J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Act. 6, 41 (2009).
PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Hall, K. D. & Kahan, S. Maintenance of Lost Weight and Long-Term Management of Obesity. Med. Clin. North Am. 102, 183197 (2018).
PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Sumithran, P. et al. Long-term persistence of hormonal adaptations to weight loss. N. Engl. J. Med 365, 15971604 (2011).
CAS PubMed Article Google Scholar
de Groot, L. C., van Es, A. J., van Raaij, J. M., Vogt, J. E. & Hautvast, J. G. Adaptation of energy metabolism of overweight women to alternating and continuous low energy intake. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 50, 13141323 (1989).
PubMed Article Google Scholar
Graham, A. L., Gluck, M. E., Votruba, S. B., Krakoff, J. & Thearle, M. S. Perseveration augments the effects of cognitive restraint on ad libitum food intake in adults seeking weight loss. Appetite 82, 7884 (2014).
PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Lachin, J. M. Statistical considerations in the intent-to-treat principle. Control Clin. Trials 21, 167189 (2000).
CAS PubMed Article Google Scholar
De Lauzon, B. et al. The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18 is able to distinguish among different eating patterns in a general population. J. Nutr. 134, 23722380 (2004).
PubMed Article Google Scholar
Flint, A., Raben, A. & Blundell, J. E. Astrup A. Reproducibility, power and validity of visual analogue scales in assessment of appetite sensations in single test meal studies. Int J. Obes. 24, 3848 (2000).
CAS Article Google Scholar
Migueles, J. H., Rowlands, A. V., Huber, F., Sabia, S. & van Hees, V. T. GGIR: A Research CommunityDriven Open Source R Package for Generating Physical Activity and Sleep Outcomes From Multi-Day Raw Accelerometer Data. J. Meas. Phys. Behav. 2, 188196 (2019).
Article Google Scholar
Van Hees, V. T. et al. Autocalibration of accelerometer data for free-living physical activity assessment using local gravity and temperature: An evaluation on four continents. J. Appl Physiol. 117, 738744 (2014).
PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
van Hees, V. T. et al. Separating Movement and Gravity Components in an Acceleration Signal and Implications for the Assessment of Human Daily Physical Activity. PLoS One 8, e61691 (2013).
ADS PubMed PubMed Central Article CAS Google Scholar
Doherty, A. et al. Large scale population assessment of physical activity using wrist worn accelerometers: The UK biobank study. PLoS One 12, e0169649 (2017).
PubMed PubMed Central Article CAS Google Scholar
Sabia, S. et al. Association between questionnaire-and accelerometer-assessed physical activity: The role of sociodemographic factors. Am. J. Epidemiol. 179, 781790 (2014).
PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Booth, M. Assessment of physical activity: An international perspective. Res Q Sport Exerc 71, 114120 (2000).
Article Google Scholar
Bull, F. C. et al. World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Br. J. Sports Med 54, 14511462 (2020).
PubMed Article Google Scholar
