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Are you a diabetes patient observing Ramadan? Here are five things you need to keep in mind – Economic Times

Posted: May 30, 2017 at 7:41 pm

Dr Ganapathi Bantwal

This year, Ramadan falls during the hottest time of the year in most of India. Fasting for 30 continuous days that are long and hot, without food or water, is challenging even for healthy people. More so for patients with diabetes. For those who want to fast, my advice is to first check with their doctor to understand the risks and how to manage the condition. Better awareness of a number of factors will lead to better diabetes management.

Here are five things I ask my patients with diabetes to follow during the month of Ramadan:

CHECK YOUR BLOOD SUGAR REGULARLY:

This will help preempt and prevent any possible episodes of your blood sugar rising too high (hyperglycaemia) or dropping too low (hypoglycaemia). How often this should be done depends on your clinical history and the type of medicines prescribed for you. Remember, pricking your finger to check your blood sugar does not break the Ramadan fast.

PREPARE A DIET PLAN TO ENSURE HEALTHY EATING:

These days, people are more health conscious and look for healthy choices for their iftar and sehri meals. This is a very good trend. The sehri meal before dawn should have sufficient protein and fat, as these will help you feel full and cause a slow rise in blood sugar. The popular practice of breaking the fast with a few dates and water helps to raise blood sugar and rehydrate the body quickly.

The main iftar meal should be a balance of complex carbohydrates, protein and good fat. Avoid deep fried food, and sugar-rich desserts and beverages. Look for healthy swaps: swap deep-fried savouries with baked treats, and sugar-rich desserts with your favourite fruit. Too much coffee or tea could also make you dehydrated.

CHANGE YOUR EXERCISE ROUTINE:

As far as possible, do some amount of moderate exercise after breaking the fast. Take a half-an-hour walk after your iftar meal and before the evening prayers.

CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR ON ANY CHANGE IN MEDICATION:

If you are fasting, it is possible that your regular medication schedule will require some adjustment during Ramadan. Your doctor could change both the timing and the dosage of these medicines, depending on your current prescription. Staying in touch with your doctor and regular blood checks are important all through the fasting period.

BE ALERT AND BREAK THE FAST IF NEEDED:

You may have to break your fast if your blood sugar drops too low or spikes too high. Be alert to the possible signs of low blood sugar (for example, sweating/chills, trembling, palpitations) or high blood sugar (excessive thirst, hunger, increased urination, fatigue). Contact your doctor immediately if you observe any of these signs or symptoms.

In a few cases, a doctor may advise a patient not to fast for medical reasons. This advice should be carefully considered.

Ultimately, it is a patients choice and the doctor will respect that. Abiding by the principles mentioned above, and knowing what to do in case of an emergency will help you go through the fasting period safely and without jeopardising your health.

(The writer is an Endocrinologist at St John's Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru)

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Are you a diabetes patient observing Ramadan? Here are five things you need to keep in mind - Economic Times

A Flannery pilgrimage to Andalusia Farm – Connect Savannah.com

Posted: May 30, 2017 at 7:41 pm


Connect Savannah.com
A Flannery pilgrimage to Andalusia Farm
Connect Savannah.com
We'll never know if the serene view of the pond from her window inspired her, but I think it's safe to presume the barn out back sure did, its tall ladder and hayloft looking mighty similar to the description of the one where that good-fer-nuthin ...

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A Flannery pilgrimage to Andalusia Farm - Connect Savannah.com

How to Build Your Own Google AIY without the Kit – Hackaday

Posted: May 30, 2017 at 7:41 pm

Googles voice assistant has been around for a while now and when Amazon released its Alexa API and ported the PaaSCloud code to the Raspberry Pi 2 it was just a matter of time before everyone else jumped on the fast train to maker kingdom. Google just did it in style.

Few know that the Google Assistant API for the Raspberry Pi 3 has been out there for some time now but when they decided to give away a free kit with the May 2017 issues of MagPi magazine, they made an impression on everyone. Unfortunately the world has more makers and hackers and the number of copies of the magazine are limited.

In this writeup, I layout the DIY version of the AIY kit for everyone else who wants to talk to a cardboard box. I take a closer look at the free kit, take it apart, put it together and replace it with DIY magic. To make things more convenient, I also designed an enclosure that you can3D print to complete the kit. Lets get started.

A shout out to my friend [Shabaz] in the UK for sending me a copy of the MagPi. The Google AIY Projects Voice Kit(henceforth known as the kit) contains two PCBs and a bunch of other stuff. The Voice HAT which looks like a Sound-Card-On-A-Diet has very limited number of components. I will detail each section and draw the KiCAD schematic for the same one by one

Starting from the left side, there are 6 sets of 3-pin headers that are labelled Servos. The intended servo control is made possible using the Raspberry Pi 3s on-board PWM module. Each set has a GPIO pin, 5V and GND connection. The GPIO pin does not connect directly to the Raspberry Pi 3s header but rather through 220Ohm current limiting resistors (labelled R1-R6).

Just south of these are devices labeled Q5 and Q6 which I am assuming are part of a power supply selection circuit. Correct me if I am wrong but here is my estimate. The working is simple where Q5 only turns ON when the input voltage is greater than the 5V from the USB port. A simple comparator should do so I am using the LM393 for reference.

North of the Servo headers is J15 labelled I2C that directly connect to the Raspberry Pi 3 header. That means these should not be connected to anything with 5V pull-ups. They are not being used on the board but we will discuss more on this later. Right next to it is the SPI and 2-pin UART headers. Again these connect directly to the main header and serve only as a breakout.

A little lower and we arrive at the boxed circuit with a 16-Pin QFN marked AKK BDQ. This is the Maxim MAX98357A(PDF) which is an I2S DAC with a class D amplifier. It drives the speaker directly however since there is only one output, it can only be mono or combined stereo. Its stillpretty rocking for the budget.

The interesting thing is the presence of JP6 which seems to have all the I2S connections from the Maxim MAX98357A and a few other select lines. Combined with the two vias that connect to the second speaker output, you could possibly fit another Maxim MAX98357A breakout board on top to get stereo sound. I am going to do the schematic and make it downloadable and if you want to give it a shot let me know the results. Consider it optional homework.

Next to the DAC is an 8-pin SSOP which is a 24C32 (PDF) I2C EEPROM. Its not connected to the I2C header I talked about earlier but rather to pins 27 and 28 of the Raspberry Pi 3 header. According to the Raspberry Pi Foundations blog.

The EEPROM holds the board manufacturer information, GPIO setup and a thing called a device tree fragment basically a description of the attached hardware that allows Linux to automatically load the required drivers.

So its got some extra sauce that makes things tick and I could use a BusPirate to Dump the data but I am not sure if Google considers it Intellectual Property so I wont. I have an alternative for it as well so read on.

Moving towards the right, we find 4 headers marked Drivers. These are MOSFET circuits for controlling loads such as relays. [Shabaz] did a great job tracing out the components on this one and the 3 pins are GPIO, 5V and Driver.

The MOSFETs can drive loads of up to 500mA each thanks to a polyswitch however the GPIOs are available for use directly as well. Loads to be driven should be connected between the pins marked + and -. The header pin on the left is a direct access to GPIOs header pins from the Raspberry Pi 3 and the schematic reflects the same.

Use these to connect LEDs or similar devices to indicate the operation of the relays or loads.

More interesting stuff is happening on the right sides upper right with a push button and two JST connectors. The 4 pin connector is meant for the push button that sits on top of the assembled enclosure. The small PCB mounted push button is wired in parallel with the external switch and can be used in its place while setting up and testing. The 5 pin JST is for the microphone connector and has all the I2S pins.

Lastly, the microphone board is marked 432 QDF21G, and has Knowles SPH0645LM4H MEMs digital microphones that talk I2S directly.

That about wraps up the teardown and all the information required to make your own AIY Kit. The KiCAD schematic files are available for download from GitHub however I leave you with the fun part which is the layout and routing.

Here is some food for thought. Some parts can be omitted and the size of the hat can be shrunk down to the Pi Zero pHat.

For simplicity reasons, I am using the preconfigured OS image from the Google AIY page. It is a tad short of 900MB and can be downloaded directly from Goolge (huge file).

You probably noticed the small goldenbutton next to the big green button in the image above and that is the first part of the exercise. It is a shutdown button and is added because I dont want to SSH to the box every time I want to turn it off safely.

Get the button you want to use and add two wires with female headers. This bit works even without the Voice Hat so feel free to try it out. Next if you have a voice hat, add male headers to the I2C part. You may choose any other pins and it will still work. Connect the button to the SDA or GPIO 2 and boot the Pi 3 up.

Open up your favourite text editor and copy-paste the following code into it.

Save the files in your /home/pi folder as shutdown.py

In a terminal type the following commands

This should make the script run in the background. If you press the button, the Pi should shutdown immediately. You may choose to add a delay by uncommenting the sleep call in the example code. Alternatively, you may also change the GPIO by replacing the appropriate number in the python script.

Cool! Now we can shutdown by pressing a button.

The obvious alternative to the Google AIY Voice Hat is to use any USB Sound Cards that are available from a number of sources. The simplest way is to just plug one in and configure the software to use that instead of the Hat but when there two drivers installed, the python scripts need to be reconfigured to make everything seamless.

Once you plug in the soundcard, the first thing to do is check if it was recognized or not. In the terminal window, type in:

aplay is used by the scripts to speak out the replies so you should be able to see two sound devices. Note that the onboard sound has been disabled from within the config.txt (see device tree reference)and can be enabled if you plan to use a USB microphone instead of the sound card. The windows output should look like the image below.

I would like to set the USB sound card as the default audio, and for that we need to modify the /etc/asound.conf .

Delete the existing content and replace it with text as shown below. Though this sets the default input and output device to the USB device, there is one more step to make things work. (To exit nano, use Ctrl+x, y, return)

Next we edit to audio.py file that handles all the audio playing and recording functionality. For that, open up the file in your favourite text editor; mine is nano:

Scroll down to the part that says arecord which is in the __init__ function. Apparently there is a dedicated process that keeps the recorder running as I will show in the video. For now, we want to edit the arguments so that it uses the USB Card to capture audio instead of the original Voice Hat. A simple modification to use -D, sysdefault:CARD=1 should suffice as shown in the image below.

A similar change is require for the aplay function a little further in the code.

With that, the hack is complete! Double click the test_audio.py to check if audio works. We are missing just one part of the puzzle though the listen button! So simply wire a push button between GPIO23 and the adjacent ground pin and then run src/main.py to start playing with a DIY Google AIY.

A small video demo of the proposed hack with a USB sound card, external speaker and a cheap microphone.

The 3D printed enclosure is designed in Fusion360 and the STL files are part of the GitHub repository. You can use the same enclosure for a number of projects since there are standoffs for the Raspberry Pi and the ports are brought out for convenience. There is a lot of space inside to add hats and additional circuits.

I made the enclosure split from the middle so that it becomes easy to access the GPIOs. The whole thing will press fit including the top cap which has holes for three buttons. I though it would make sense to have smaller buttons since the result is expected to be tougher than cardboard. There is ample space for the speaker should you choose to include one that is slightly different.

I have not had a chance to print one out and will update this page once there is any progress in the topic. Here is the render of the design.

Google has already had their APIs open to the public, but the preconfigured Raspbian image will help a lot of people to get started. I have tried to layout the basics of the sound card as well as give out the plans for an equivalent card if you want to make one. For others the option to use an external sound card is explained and demonstrated and I hope it inspires people to really get into such projects. The world needs more AIY and here is your chance to get started, so what are you waiting for? Get hacking.

See the article here:
How to Build Your Own Google AIY without the Kit - Hackaday

How The ‘Low-FODMAP Diet’ Can Help Manage Irritable Bowel Syndrome – HuffPost

Posted: May 30, 2017 at 7:41 pm

Clinical Nutrition Coordinator

Abdominal pain and a swollen belly, gas, constipation, or diarrheathese symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) affect one in seven American adults. A common gastrointestinal (GI) disorder, IBS is a long-term but not life-threatening condition. Still, it can interfere with many aspects of daily life, and is one of the top reasons for missing work.

There is no specific test for IBS, so gastroenterologists typically diagnose it only after testing for and ruling out all other GI problems. We do not know exactly what causes it, and so far there is no cure, so treatment focuses on controlling symptoms.

Traditionally, IBS has been managed in many different ways, including dietary intervention, supplements, and medications like anti-cramping and anti-diarrheal drugs. A relatively recent approach, called the low-FODMAP diet, has helped many people with IBS and is fast becoming the new gold standard for managing symptoms.

What Does FODMAP Mean?

FODMAP is an acronym for a group of carbohydrates: fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols. These are sugars that occur naturally in a variety of foods and are added to many processed foods. They are normally good for us, but people with IBS tend to be sensitive to them. FODMAP foods include:

Fructose. Typically found in many fruits, like watermelon, apples, and cherries, as well as honey and high-fructose corn syrup.

Lactose. Found in dairy products, like milk, cottage cheese, and thin yogurt.

Fructans. Found in wheat, including many bread products, as well as garlic and onions.

Galacto-oligosaccharides. Typically found in beans.

Polyols. Found in mushrooms and peaches, and in artificial sweeteners like sorbitol, mannitol, and xylitol.

Formalized in 2010, the low-FODMAP diet was developed by a team of researchers at Monash University in Australia. They found that removing foods with the highest concentrations of FODMAPs from the diet improves IBS symptoms. A low-FODMAP diet can also help people with other ailments, like small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and in some cases Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis. This is specifically when they are in remission and have IBS symptoms.

The diet, which should be followed under the guidance of a registered dietitian, involves eliminating FODMAP-containing foods for two to eight weeks, depending on the person and the severity of their symptoms. Once all GI distress has disappeared, the person slowly adds the foods back to their diet to determine the level they can handle before IBS symptoms start to return.

There are many different ways to accomplish this reintroduction process. I have found it most helpful to eat a small amount of food in one FODMAP category once a day for three days, while observing how the body reacts. This method isolates each sugar and will show clearly how your body reacts to it.

For example, if you eat a couple of teaspoons of honey once a day for three days and find you are perfectly fine, you have passed the fructose test. You would then take fructose back out of your diet and go on to lactose. (You remove the category of food you have tested to avoid building up these sugars.) If you have a negative reaction, you would take that category back out of your diet, give yourself a few days without any FODMAPs, then go on to the next category.

This system helps empower people by teaching them which foods make them feel better or worse. They can then decide how and when they want to manage their symptoms. For instance, if ice cream upsets your stomach, you might choose to avoid it during the week because you want to focus on your job and avoid stomach rumblings during meetings. While on weekends, you may not worry about that and decide to have a scoop.

The Low-FODMAP Diet Is Not Forever

We do not know the long-term effects of adhering to this restrictive diet, but we do know you should not stay on it indefinitely. It is healthier to have some FODMAPs in our diet because fermentable carbohydrates are necessary to provide energy to the good bacteria in our colon.

Keep in mind that people with IBS are not allergic to these foodsthey are intolerant of them at varying levels. It is important to determine how much of the problematic food types you can tolerate by retesting them in smaller amounts. If fructans trigger your IBS symptoms, say, you might still be able to eat a small amount without reacting. So instead of cutting out garlic entirely when cooking, use the level you can tolerate, which might be a half or quarter clove.

Also, try to avoid consuming multiple FODMAPs all at once, because the cumulative effect can be challenging. Monash University offers a helpful app that uses a traffic light system to indicate whether a food is considered low, moderate, or high in FODMAPs.

The diet takes time and patience, and you need to be very organized. Having the right information is critical. There is a lot of FODMAP data on the internet, but some of it is incorrect or outdated. The diet is constantly being updated, with researchers continuing to test different foods, and adding items to the list of tolerable and intolerable foods. While on this diet, it is also important to make sure you are still getting all the essential nutrients, as well as plenty of fiber. These are all reasons it is important to work with a registered dietitian (RD) who is well versed on the low-FODMAP diet and can help you follow it in the most effective and healthy way.

As an RD in gastroenterology, I have seen how difficult living with IBS can be. But I have also seen how managing the disease by changing how one eats has been incredibly helpfuleven life-changingfor many people.

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How The 'Low-FODMAP Diet' Can Help Manage Irritable Bowel Syndrome - HuffPost

How A High-Fat Diet In Childhood May Wire The Brain For Addiction – Forbes

Posted: May 30, 2017 at 7:41 pm


Forbes
How A High-Fat Diet In Childhood May Wire The Brain For Addiction
Forbes
Researchers are understanding more and more about addiction in its many forms, and each passing study reveals a little more about the neurobiology and psychology of how addiction functions. A fascinating new study looks into what may happen in ...
High-fat diet alters reward system in ratsScience Daily
High-fat diet in childhood may lead to 'junk-food obsession' as adultsHindustan Times

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How A High-Fat Diet In Childhood May Wire The Brain For Addiction - Forbes

My month on the Whole30 diet – Mother Nature Network (blog)

Posted: May 30, 2017 at 7:41 pm

There are a few tiers of this food pyramid that are off limits on the Whole30 plan. (Photo: bloody/Shutterstock)

On day five of my voluntary participation in the Whole30 program, I posted this as my Facebook status.

The diet claims to "eliminate the most common craving-inducing, blood sugar disrupting, gut-damaging, inflammatory food groups for a full 30 days" and says it will change your life by resetting your eating habits.

Those food groups are sugar, grains, dairy, beans and alcohol. Except for the alcohol, I stuck with the diet, not counting a few slip-ups that I could count on one hand. Since I write extensively about wine, there were times I had to drink, but I kept it to a minimum, even cancelling some tastings that weren't mandatory.

You may be wondering what you can eat on the program. The diet consists mainly of meat and seafood, vegetables, fruits, grains, nuts and nut butters (except peanut), eggs and healthy oils. You are also allowed ghee on the program, even though you can't have any other dairy.

Nuts, except peanuts, are allowed on the Whole30 diet and they are one of the foods that kept me sane. (Photo: prasit jamkajornkiat/Shutterstock)

I've put on a lot of weight over the past year and a half. The stress of divorce got to me, understandably, and I'd been having trouble getting back to healthy habits. But, that's not the reason I chose such a restrictive diet. I chose this diet because my feet hurt. I had swelling along with planter's fasciitis that made it painful to walk, and at night, the aching in my feet and ankles would keep me awake. A friend had told me she learned that she was allergic to dairy and gluten, and when she eliminated those from her diet, her foot pain went away.

I figured Whole30 could be a way to see if my foot pain was being caused by something I was eating without having to go through allergy testing, plus it could put me back on the road to not eating whatever the hell I wanted, whenever the hell I wanted.

Did it work? Somewhat. Although the underlying planter's fasciitis is still an issue, the swelling in my feet, and my hands, has gone down. I can get out of bed in the morning without searing pain in my feet when they first hit the floor. Aching that I had in the ligaments in my forearms also went away. There were other positive benefits. The skin under my eyes is now skin color and not gray. My rosacea has tamed down a bit. Some digestive problems that I've had for years improved. I sleep much better and there have been several nights where I've slept through the night. (That's incredibly rare.)

The 30 days were very hard at times, but I think they were worth it. There were a few foods that kept me from going insane: sweet potatoes, almond butter, nuts, bananas and ghee (not all together, of course). Now comes the even harder part, though, taking what I have learned, keeping what's good, and figuring out how to keep a lot of these ingredients down to a minimum in my diet. And while the better health I've experienced over the past 30 days have been wonderful, there have been things I've learned that are also important.

The first week on Whole30, I spent a lot of money on food, went to the grocery store almost every day, and got incredibly frustrated. Almost everything has sugar in it. I know that many foods that shouldn't have sugar in them do, but I didn't realize just how many. I spent hours in Trader Joe's and Whole Foods, reading ingredients, trying to find a nitrate-free bacon that also didn't have sugar. I couldn't do it. I asked both of the local meat vendors at the farmers market if their nitrate-free bacons had sugar. They did. I did find a sugar-free, nitrate-free turkey bacon and it was vile.

I had to read every jar of almond butter and every container of nuts two things that should never need sugar to make sure they were sugar-free. After reading the ingredients in all the mayonnaise on the store shelf, I ended up making my own. (That turns out to be time-consuming but really worth it and makes the best deviled eggs I've ever had.)

You know what else has sugar in it? Store-made rotisserie chicken. I bought one my first day to have something to pick on, and when it dawned on me the next day there might be sugar in the solution, I read the ingredients. I cursed.

This what I learned: even packaged or prepared foods that I normally think of as not-so-bad choices have ingredients in them that I'm unaware of. I already cook a lot of my foods from scratch. I need to do even more of that, and I need to keep reading ingredient lists, even when I think I know what's in a food.

If you don't expect these zucchini strips to taste like zucchini, you probably won't be disappointed in them. (Photo: Robin Shreeves)

In the first week, I went crazy with new recipes and new ingredients. I tried to make chicken nuggets with almond flour. I made meatballs without breading or cheese but with way too many spices. The dog really liked both of those dishes. The worst, though, was the beef fried cauliflower rice. I've heard great things about riced cauliflower. I've seen moms rave on social media that their children had no idea their rice had been replaced with cauliflower. I call B.S.

The beef fried cauliflower rice was made entirely with Whole30 compliant ingredients, and at a glance it looked like rice. It was made with fresh vegetables, grass-fed beef, and coconut aminos instead of soy sauce. This is when my 15-year-old rebelled against the plan. Did I forget to mention he decided to do it with me? He did great until day five when I made this dish. Not only does riced cauliflower not soak up any juices, making it incredibly soupy, the coconut aminos make it smell like a pina colada. Coconut is not what you're supposed to smell when you're bringing beef fried rice up to your mouth.

This is what I learned: I was much better off cooking up steak or chicken and having a bunch of vegetables on the side than trying to make Whole30 recipes. If I was going to try something different, I decided to look at for what it was, not what it was supposed to be. For example, I used a spiralizer to make what some people would refer to as zucchini noodles or "zoodles" as a substitute for pasta. There is no way I could be satisfied if I tried to think of zucchini as pasta, even if is in pasta-like strips. So, when I made the dish above sauted tomatoes and garlic in sheet and olive oil with zucchini and cooked chicken I chose to just think of it as zucchini, tomatoes and chicken, nothing more. It was quite yummy, but it was nothing like pasta.

That day five Facebook status was not the only one I made. Here's one from day nine.

This is what I learned: some good comes out of thinking your unpleasant thoughts all the way through, and that may be one of the biggest benefits of the elimination diet. I did a lot of sorting through my feelings during the 30 days not just my feelings about food, but things that were going on in my head about my work, my dating life, and even my kids. It was certainly an unexpected benefit.

Crab Bruschetta Eggplant Toast isn't really on toast, but the combination still works well. (Photo: Robin Shreeves)

I'm still figuring out what comes next. As I write this, I'm a few days out of Whole30. I haven't eaten much of what isn't allowed on the diet. Yesterday I had oatmeal and some milk in my mashed potatoes, but ate Whole30 the rest of the time. Today, it's been all fruit and almond butter so far.

There are several foods I learned to appreciate on the plan that I'm going to keep eating. I really enjoyed one of my go-to breakfasts of roasted sweet potato slices, mashed avocado, diced cherry tomatoes and a fried egg. I'll keep eating that. Larabar's Pecan Pie bars were something I could keep in my bag to eat on the run that I'll continue to buy. I made Crab Bruschetta Eggplant Toast that was so good I'll make it again, and spring for better crab next time. But, let's be real. You can't make toast out of eggplant so I'll just call it Crab Bruschetta on Eggplant.

And, here's the most amazing thing. I have no craving at all to add sugar back into my diet. Last night, I was upset and couldn't sleep. No one would have blamed for grabbing a pint of ice cream over this particular upset, but I didn't even open the freezer. Instead, I cut up a banana and strawberries and ate them. I do feel as if my sugar cravings have been reset. I'm also aware that it wouldn't take too many bowls of ice cream to bring them back.

There's one big problem that I always knew would be a problem. By eliminating all those foods at once, it's unclear which one or ones were contributing to some of my health issues that improved. I think I'll be adding foods back in slowly and watching my reaction. I'm also considering doing a Whole30 before 6 p.m. sort of plan, completely knocking off Mark Bittman's Vegan before 6 p.m. idea.

Maybe I'll have to do another post a month from now to talk about the next 30 days.

It should be noted that in a study of 38 diets, U.S. News & World Report ranked Whole30 as number 38. They had this to say about the health and nutrition of the plan:

The panel from U.S. News said that while the diet is not particularly unsafe, it is relatively likely to spur temporary weight loss. One expert noted that it is "the antithesis of a long-term healthy dietary pattern."

See the rest here:
My month on the Whole30 diet - Mother Nature Network (blog)

Alicia Silverstone Says Feeding Her Son a Vegan Diet Is ‘Such a No-Brainer’ – PEOPLE.com

Posted: May 30, 2017 at 7:41 pm


PEOPLE.com
Alicia Silverstone Says Feeding Her Son a Vegan Diet Is 'Such a No-Brainer'
PEOPLE.com
Since giving up meat at the age of 21, Alicia Silverstone has been a major advocate for going veganand she's raising her 6-year-old son, Bear Blu, to do the same. In a video for the nonprofit Farm Sanctuary's Compassionate Meals program, the 40-year ...

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Alicia Silverstone Says Feeding Her Son a Vegan Diet Is 'Such a No-Brainer' - PEOPLE.com

New fasting diet is super-effective but controversial – Starts at 60

Posted: May 30, 2017 at 7:41 pm

There has been mixed reaction to the CSIROs new diet plan today, with some scolding the organising for partnering with a diet company that encourages meal replacement shakes over real food.

The new Flexi diet advises Australians to use intermittent fasting and shakes to promote weight loss, with a Flexi day to eat whatever they want thrown in at the end of the week.

The government body said participants in a 16-week trial of the diet lost 11kg on average and saw improvements in cholesterol, insulin, glucose and blood pressure.

While fasting as a form of weight loss has been criticised in past studies, the Flexi diet does not advocate complete fasting, instead using the shakes and vegetable dishes to keep calories low while still feeding the body.

Flexi uses meal replacements as a convenient way to achieve nutritional needs while on an energy restricted meal plan, CSIRO spokesperson told Starts at 60.

This allows people to lose weight and attain the health benefits associated with this without missing out on key nutrients.

But renowned Australian nutritionist Dr Rosemary Stanton questioned the diets sustainability for relying so heavily on the shake portion of the program.

Will these people be expected to keep buying the products for ever? My preference would be for real foods, she told News Corp.

Fasting diets have become increasingly popular in recent years, with programs like the 5:2 Diet advising people to abstain from eating for two days per week to lose weight.

However, Health and Wellbeings Sarah Hopkins says women in particular should be wary of complete fasting.

Fasting is definitely not for everyone, she told Starts at 60.

In fact in most cases I caution against it.

If there are any underlying stressors, it can exacerbate them. This is particularly true for females who have a very sensitive hormonal system to maintain.

She says fasting was linked to thyroid issues, which can do more damage to the body in the long run.

When the body goes into a fasted state it sends a message to the sex hormones to down-regulate, she says.

This can result in all sorts of issues from hormonal imbalances and menopausal symptoms to a slowing of the thyroid.

It increases the production of stress hormones Cortisol and Adrenalin, which can adversely affect many systems in the body.

CSIRO Research Dietitian Dr Jane Bowen says the Flexi diet is a safe way to lose weight and still consume all the nutrients we need for a balanced and healthy diet.

Losing weight can be challenging with results often limited by an individuals ability to stick with a diet, Dr Bowen says.

The Flexi program offers a flexible alternative to traditional diets, which could help Australians to fit a weight loss diet around their busy, social lifestyles.

Excerpt from:
New fasting diet is super-effective but controversial - Starts at 60

Gluten-free diet helps manage celiac disease – WRAL.com

Posted: May 30, 2017 at 7:41 pm

More grocery stores now include gluten-free products, and for some people, it's not just a trendy diet but a necessity.

Most people can pick from almost anything they find on grocery store shelves. People with celiac disease, though, have to spend more time searching for food that is specifically labeled gluten-free.

The diet helps keep thedisease in remission.

"Gluten is hidden in so many different things that it's not easy to go to the annual picnic and find things that you can actually eat," said Cleveland Clinic gastroenterologist Dr. Donald Kirby.

Kirby said celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder. It causes people to feel stomach and intestinal distress after they consume foods with gluten, which is a protein found in wheat, rye and barley.

Celiac disease is one of the most common genetic diseases in the world, affecting about 1 percent of the population. Adult women are more frequently diagnosed with it than men.

WRAL Health Team's Dr. Allen Mask says people should be screened for the disease if they experience chronic bloating and alternating between diarrhea and constipation. People who have been diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome should be screened for celiac disease.

Screening for the disease can be done with a simple blood test. If the test comes back positive,a small bowel biopsy should be performed during an upper endoscopy procedure.

If someone is diagnosed with celiac disease, the person's parents and children should also be tested because it is a genetic disease. If it's left untreated, it can lead to other auto-immune disordersas well as nutrient deficienciesand disorders such aslymphoma.

The cure is a gluten free-diet, which can be challenging.

However, more products with gluten are now more clearly labeled, and a wider variety of gluten-freeproducts can be found in more stores.

"By changing the diet to exclude wheat, rye and barleyhence, a gluten-free dietyou can treat the disease very well have the disease go into remission," Kirby said.

Mask recommends people diagnosed with celiac disease should seek a registered dietician to help them make the necessary dietary changes.

People should also work with their doctors to make sure they remain in remission and keep their vitamin levels where they should be.

Link:
Gluten-free diet helps manage celiac disease - WRAL.com

Tracking Climate Change Through a Mushroom’s Diet – The Atlantic

Posted: May 30, 2017 at 7:41 pm

The mushroom Amanita thiersii dots American lawns from Texas to Illinois, a small white button on the grasss emerald expanse. Unlike similar mushrooms, A. thiersii does not live in a symbiotic relationship with nearby trees; instead, it gets its energy by feasting on the corpses of its neighborsthat is, dead grasses. That predilection means that the mushroom is uniquely suited to report on what those grasses were like before they perished, according to a new paper in Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. In fact, an analysis of 40-odd A. thiersii samples taken from lawns across the Midwest over 27 years suggests that the mushrooms, as a result of the grasses they eat, may be able reflect the changing climate of the last few decades in their chemistry.

The reason it might be possible to trace climate change in grass at all is because plants can be distinguished by the different ways they handle photosynthesis. The new paper looks at two methods of photosynthesis in particular: C3 and C4, named after the structure of the molecules the methods produce. The majority of plant species perform C3, which produces energy at higher concentrations of CO2 and at lower temperatures. C4 plants, meanwhilemost of which evolved in hotter and drier climatesare more efficient in higher temperatures, but too much CO2 is hard for them to deal with.

Lawn grasses in the U.S., as it happens, can include both C3 and C4 plants. Wherever C3 and C4 plants grow together, its possible to tell from the chemistry of the soilwhich is made up, of course, of decayed plantswhat their ratio was in past growing seasons. Using this, scientists have been exploring how temperature and CO2 can affect the competition between the two types. In the new study, the researchers, led by Erik Hobbie, an ecologist at University of New Hampshire, looked to see whether the ratio of carbon isotopes in the lawn mushrooms, picked up from dead grasses, could be explained by climate differences.

First, they examined the isotope levels in the samples, which were gathered between 1982 and 2009. I thought wed see small shifts in the carbon isotope values, says Hobbie. But we saw these quite dramatic shifts that can only be explained by shifts in the competition between C4 and C3 grasses. Then, they ran regressions to see how much of the shift could be explained by factors like temperature, rainfall, and CO2. They found that despite the rise in temperatures across that period, the relative contribution of carbon from C3 grasses increased. That was in apparent response to the rise in carbon dioxide concentrations, which C3 grasses are better at handling.

Its intriguing that environmental differences could show up in fungi, because it suggests that researchers interested in the climate change of the very recent past could look to mushroom samples in collections to get a glimpse at changes that have only just begun. I think its an interesting new proxy, says Hobbie. To me it points to the potential for archived specimens of fungi as integrators of past environmental conditions.

Still, Hobbie wonders whether its possible to be more precise about exactly how old the carbon is that these mushrooms are eating, and thus a little more certain about their connection to the grasses and environmental change. Is it this years carbon? Or last years? Or the last couple years? We havent done those kinds of measurements yet, he says.

Hobbie notes that people can be carbon-dated, thanks to radiocarbon isotopes in tooth enamel and other human tissues put together after the thermonuclear tests of the mid-20th century. The same should be true of mushroom tissue, with the level of radiocarbon serving as an indicator of the year in which the carbon was assimilated. That would be the way I would want to look, he says.

Follow this link:
Tracking Climate Change Through a Mushroom's Diet - The Atlantic


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