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Burn, baby, burn: the new science of metabolism – The Guardian

Posted: November 6, 2021 at 1:49 am

As the director of the Energy Metabolism Laboratory at the USDA Nutrition Center Tufts University, Massachusetts, Susan Roberts has spent much of the past two decades studying ways to fight the obesity epidemic that continues to plague much of the western world.

But time and again, Roberts and other obesity experts around the globe have found themselves faced with a recurring problem. While getting overweight individuals to commit to shedding pounds is often relatively straightforward in the short term, preventing them from regaining the lost weight is much more challenging.

According to the University of Michigan, about 90% of people who lose significant amounts of weight, whether through diets, structured programmes or even drastic steps such as gastric surgery, ultimately regain just about all of it.

Why is this? Scientists believe that the answer lies in the workings of our metabolism, the complex set of chemical reactions in our cells, which convert the calories we eat into the energy our body requires for breathing, maintaining organ functions, and generally keeping us alive.

When someone begins a new diet, we know that metabolism initially drops because we are suddenly consuming fewer calories, the body responds by burning them at a slower pace, perhaps an evolutionary response to prevent starvation but what then happens over the following weeks, months, and years, is less clear.

Does metabolism continue to go down, more than it should, asks Roberts, or does it initially go down, and then bounce back? This is an enormously controversial topic, and one that were looking to address.

Over the next three to four years, we may get some answers. Roberts is co-leading a new study, funded by the National Institutes of Health in the US, which will follow 100 individuals over the course of many months as they first lose and then regain weight, measuring everything from energy expenditure to changes in the blood, brain and muscle physiology, to try to see what happens.

The implications for how we tackle obesity could be enormous. If metabolism drops and continues to stay low during weight loss, it could imply that dieting triggers innate biological changes that eventually compel us to eat more. If it rebounds to normal levels, this suggests that weight regain is due to the recurrence of past bad habits, with social and cultural factors tempting us to go back to overeating.

If someones metabolism really drops during weight loss and doesnt recover, it shows we have to put all of our money on preventing weight gain in the first place, says Roberts. Because once its happened, youre doomed. If metabolism rebounds, it means that the lessons about eating less because youve now got a smaller body havent been learned effectively. So we might need to encourage people who have lost weight to see psychologists to work on habit formation. These are such different conclusions that we really need to get it right.

This is just one of many ways in which our understanding of metabolism is evolving. In recent years, many of the traditional assumptions, which had long been accepted as truth that exercise can ramp up metabolism, that metabolism follows a steady decline from your 20s onwards have been challenged. For scientists at the forefront of this field, these answers could go on to change many aspects of public health.

In mid-August, a paper emerged in the journal Science that appeared to challenge one of metabolisms universal truths. For decades, scientists have accepted that metabolism begins to slow down in early adulthood, initiating a steady descent that continues through middle age and later life, inevitably resulting in the phenomenon known as middle-aged spread.

But this may not actually be true. Over the past few years, Herman Pontzer, an associate professor of evolutionary anthropology at Duke University, North Carolina, and more than 80 other scientists have compiled data from more than 6,400 individuals from eight days to 95 years old that shows something very different.

It appears that between the ages of 20 and 60 our metabolism stays almost completely stable, even during major hormonal shifts such as pregnancy and menopause. Based on the new data, a woman of 50 will burn calories just as effectively as a woman of 20.

Instead, there are just two major life shifts in our metabolism, with the first occurring between one and 15 months old. The Science study showed that infants burn energy at such a rate to support their development that their metabolism at one year old is more than 50% higher than an adults. The second transition takes place at about the age of 60, when our metabolism begins to drop again, continuing to do so until we die.

For much of your life, your bodys kind of chugging along on a trajectory for how busy your cells are going to be, says Pontzer. Your cells are following a roadmap, and its very hard to bump them off that roadmap.

So what does this mean? Much of the ageing process, and the commonly observed middle-aged weight gain, is not because of declining metabolism but genetics, hormone changes and lifestyle factors such as stress, sleep, smoking and, perhaps most crucially, diet. Pontzer argues that if the calories we burn stay largely the same throughout life, then the real source of obesity has to be the amount were eating, and particularly the heavy consumption of highly processed foods.

Over the years, one of the main marketing tools used to promote different exercise regimes and wellness supplements has been claims that they boost your metabolism. Pontzer says that this is mostly nonsense.

Studies that have compared indigenous tribes of hunter-gatherers in northern Tanzania who walk an average of 19,000 steps a day with sedentary populations in Europe and the US have found that their total number of calories burned is largely the same. Other studies looking at whether metabolism changes if you put a mouse on an exercise regime, or comparing non-human primates living in a zoo or the rainforest, have found a similar pattern.

Some scientists believe that this is because the body is programmed to keep its average daily energy expenditure within a defined range. While there are day-to-day fluctuations, the body still burns the same number of calories overall, but it adjusts how they are used, depending on our lifestyle. To explain the theory, Pontzer gives the example of a keen amateur cyclist who takes part in 100km bike rides at weekends. Overall, that individual still wont burn more calories on average than a sedentary person, but their average energy expenditure will be skewed towards providing fuel for the muscles. The sedentary person will burn a similar number of calories, but on background bodily functions which we do not notice, including less healthy outlets such as producing inflammation and stress.

I think there is a deep evolutionary reason to this, says Pontzer. In the industrialised world, burning more energy than you eat would be great, but in the wild, thats a bad strategy. The reason were gaining weight is not only because theres more food available than we have evolved to expect, but because theyre modern, industrialised foods, designed to be overeaten. So youve got this perfect storm for making people obese.

But these new findings on metabolism are not only changing our understanding of how to tackle obesity: they have ramifications across the world of medicine. Given that metabolism slows markedly beyond the age of 60, doctors now need to know whether older adults should receive slightly different medicinal doses, while the research will prompt questions about the connection between a slower metabolism and the onset of chronic disease in older adults.

While the Science paper illustrated general population trends for metabolism across the age spectrum, we still know relatively little about individual differences, and what they might represent. Do babies with a particularly rapid metabolism develop quicker and in a better way? And do variations in the environment in which they grow up, such as social deprivation, mean that they have a slightly slower metabolism than their peers?

This is all speculation for now, but scientists know that metabolism can still vary significantly from one person to another, even after you account for factors such as size and body composition. We still dont know exactly why this variation occurs, but there are thought to be a whole range of factors, from genetics to organ sizes, the immune system, and even the species of bacteria in their gut microbiome.

Even with the latest digital technologies, it is very difficult for people to track their own metabolic rate. Pontzer says this is because none of the current apps on the market can account for individual differences in resting metabolic rate.

However, one of the key questions is whether these variations can confer susceptibility to disease, especially illnesses linked to metabolic dysfunction such as cancer and type 2 diabetes. There are so many metabolic health conditions, says Eric Ravussin, director of the Nutrition Obesity Research Center at the Pennington Biomedical Research Centre in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. These are influenced by your diet and your weight. As you gain weight, youre more likely to have hypertension, youre more likely to have inflammation.

A whole variety of startups around the world are now investigating ways of using our knowledge of metabolism to assist with developing personalised treatment programmes. Because our gut microbes play such a crucial role in energy metabolism, by breaking down the food we eat, dysfunctional imbalances in the gut microbiome have been linked to the development of a number of metabolic illnesses.

Oslo-based Bio-Me is profiling the gut microbiomes of patients with type 2 diabetes, coeliac disease, inflammatory bowel disease and certain types of cancer, using DNA sequencing of faecal samples to identify the exact species of bacteria present in their intestines. It can then compare that information with existing microbiome data on that group of patients, available in population biobanks, and use this to predict dietary regimes or treatment interventions that could be particularly beneficial for those individuals.

Bio-Me CEO Morten Isaksen says that this can be used to predict whether common medications, such as the diabetes drug metformin, will work well for that particular patient. It was discovered that metformin only works because the gut bacteria change the medicine into its active form, says Isaksen. So if you dont have the right bacteria in the gut, the medicine wont work. So knowing which bacteria are present is really important for identifying the right treatments.

Because dysfunctional cell metabolism is central to cancer, determining how tumours form, as well as how fast they grow and spread, indications of metabolic dysfunction could be used for early diagnosis of certain cancers. The Stockholm-based biotech firm Elypta is trialling a system that detects small molecules, known as metabolites, which are produced by kidney cancer cells. In future, this could be used as part of a liquid biopsy for the disease.

Once cancer cells begin to proliferate, what really changes is the metabolic requirements, compared with healthy cells, says Francesco Gatto, co-founder of Elypta. So we think we can use this layer of information from metabolism, to help identify multiple types of cancer early in a non-invasive manner.

Pontzer is now planning to follow up the Science study by delving further into the extremes of metabolism, both in the young and the old. Were going to try to look at that variability both in very young children and the over-60s, he says. We want to try to understand whether in people whose metabolism is changing more or less, or faster or slower, does that predict anything about their health or how their bodies develop? Or maybe its not related at all. So were going to try to find out these things.

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Burn, baby, burn: the new science of metabolism - The Guardian

Weight loss: How does the viral ’12-3-30′ TikTok trend to lose weight work? Should you try it too? – Times of India

Posted: October 24, 2021 at 2:05 am

The workout centres on the treadmill, which can be a great workout equipment to try your hand at to lose weight. The regime in itself, which focuses on walking is said to promote weight loss since it's a low-impact exercise form. Without being too strenuous or hard, brisk walking on the treadmill, fans claim can help boost cardiovascular health and burn fat efficiently, when followed regularly.

While walking is a beginner-friendly exercise, brisk walking, at an incline on the treadmill for a considerable amount of time (which is what the 12-3-30 workout makes you do) can deliver vast benefits, and potentially convert a low-impact exercise as such into a vigorous activity, and make you lose weight faster.

Incline climbing or walking is also a great way to test your endurance levels, and an effective exercise for fat loss since it raises your heart rate up, burning more calories while doing a simple exercise like walking. More so, when you follow an incline climb, your leg , back and butt muscles are pushed into doing more work.

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Weight loss: How does the viral '12-3-30' TikTok trend to lose weight work? Should you try it too? - Times of India

Adele Eats These McDonald’s Foods Every Week, The Singer Just Revealed Eat This Not That – Eat This, Not That

Posted: October 24, 2021 at 2:05 am

Adele, who has inspired many with her 100-pound weight loss journey, recently revealed in an interview with Vogue that her transformation was never about losing the weight. It was more about taking care of her mental health. The singer also revealed she did not diet, but simply became more active, working out several times a day, as well as more mindful about her drinking habits. But the singer doesn't deprive herself of her favorite foods, even if they're on the more indulgent spectrum.

In a new video interview done by British Vogue, she revealed that she still very much indulges in her favorite fast-food order. For more, check out Adele's Former Trainer Says This Is How the Singer Lost So Much Weight.

Adele is super down-to-earth when it comes to her #1 restaurant meal. "My ideal meal, my death row meal, my last meal, would be a McChicken Nugget with a Big Mac and then fries," she said in the video.

RELATED: And don't forget to sign up for our newsletter to get the latest restaurant news delivered straight to your inbox.

The singer added that she enjoys a treat of Mickey D's quite often. Of the Big Mac, nuggets, and fries, she said "That's my three-course. I eat it at least once a week."

Adele has previously credited her major weight loss to her intense exercise routineshe works out up to three times a day. But she doesn't restrict the foods she loves. "If anything, I eat more than I used to because I work out so hard," she said in her Vogue cover interview.

Another British fast-food classic that got a shoutout from Adele? Nando's, the chain that specializes in peri-peri chicken. "I get a quarter of chicken with some coleslaw, some rice, and some fries," she said. "And I get medium Peri heat, Peri sprinkles on my fries as well."

But if you think the singer's all about ordering takeout, you're wrong. According to her, she's a pretty great self-taught cook. She credits chef and fellow Brit Jamie Oliver for teaching her the cooking basics. "I learned to cook on my own, I was on my own maybe I was like, 18, maybe like two months and I was getting loads of takeaways and it was just costing too much money," she said. "So I think I read '30-Minute Meals' by good ol' Jamie Oliver. That's how I learned the basics of cooking."

Apparently, she makes a mean fish pie, a weekly Sunday roast that her son loves, and a spicy pasta that even Italians approve of.

. . . and isn't afraid to say it. While trying a classic British trifle in her video, she said she doesn't actually ever put fruit on hers (just jelly, custard, and cream), and added that she could absolutely go for a Terry's Chocolate Orange.

For more, check out the 108 Most Popular Sodas Ranked By How Toxic They Are.

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Adele Eats These McDonald's Foods Every Week, The Singer Just Revealed Eat This Not That - Eat This, Not That

Keto Strong Reviews: The Trusted Formulation For Better Health Results! – Santa Clarita Valley Signal

Posted: October 24, 2021 at 2:05 am

Keto StrongReviews You apparently have considered the keto diet. Its themost trendydiet plan you see all over the internet. Moreover, the eating routine obviously the most sweltering superstars name drop reliably. Perhaps youve even attempted the keto diet yourself. Also, a little while later youre taking a gander at for some supplemental help. Everything considered, we hear you. Starting at now, the market for keto diet pills is detonating. Here is our detailed review forKeto StrongPills.

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Today, a healthy and fit body is the first choice of anyone who plays an important role in life. To stay fit and healthy, people have many things in mind. To prevent health problems, being fit and healthy is essential during this crucial period. Also, one can easily treat these health problems by getting fit and slim. During this time, being overweight becomes the main problem that prevents people from being fit and healthy.Soto keep your body fit and slim,Keto Stronghas been formulated.

Keto Strongis a wellspring of exogenous And BHB Ketones taken as a section of a high-fat, low-carb diet. Here is a completeKeto Strongreview to help consumers breakdown the officialwebsite whereKeto Strongis offered and see if the real BHB ketones formula is the right weight loss product to use in 2021.

What isKeto Strong?

Keto Strongis one of the best and natural Ketosis boosting weight loss supplement that drives result in only 30 days. Doctors, celebrities, and nutritionist support this supplement pill because it is a safe process and delivers fast results. The presence of essential BHB Ketones in the supplement allows the conversion of the carbs restricted and utilizes the primary fat compound as energy fuel of the body.

The pills are FDA approved and clinically evaluated, which is considered as 100% natural and elevates the metabolic rate of the body. On the other side, a user experiences a boost to their energy and strength level, which gives maximized performance and drives for a lean shape physique build. You need to grab this now because the offer ends soon due to high demand and limited supply.

Keto Strongis a diet pill that claims to offer revolutionary weight loss results. By takingKeto Strongdaily, you can allegedly flood your body with a powerful fat-burning ketone called beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB).

BHB ketones are trendy weight loss ingredients found in dozens of popular supplements. Some claim that BHB ketones trigger your bodys fat burning. They force your body into ketosis, helping you to lose weight fast.

The makers ofKeto Strongclaim that their supplement burns fat faster than ever, helping your body burn fat for energy not carbohydrates. Its like forcing your body to go on a keto diet even if youre not on a strict keto diet. Some studies show that BHB ketones can jumpstart fat burning and lead to real weight loss results, while other studies are less definitive.

What makesKeto Strongthe best?

This is a weight loss supplement that will help consumers shed excess fat from their bodies. When usingKeto StrongPills, one must ensure that the product is ingested regularly to get the desired results. The manufacturers of this dietary supplement have made sure to use natural components for the consumer to obtain the desired results. Also, the ingredients present inKeto Strongneed not fear as they will not cause any side effects on the body.

For this product to be effective,Keto Strongincludes a proprietary blend of magnesium beta-hydroxybutyrate, calcium beta-hydroxybutyrate, and sodium beta-hydroxybutyrate. BHB is necessary to trigger ketosis, while calcium, magnesium, and sodium are electrolytes that can replenish what the body loses through sweat and other activities.

A proprietary blend may be helpful to some consumers. But there is no way of knowing how concentrated the ingredients it contains are. Without knowing how many of these ingredients are inside, it is unclear how much the user can benefit from them.

>> Click HERE To Get Keto StrongAt ABest Price Ever! <<

Keto StrongBenefits

As mentioned earlier,Keto Strongis a clinically tested formulation. It offers incredible health benefits, but it needs to be used every day for at least four weeks. Below are a few of the health benefits this supplement has to bring.

Removes fat from the thighs, buttocks, hips, and belly

Keeps the appetite in control and reduces food cravings, which in return leads to taking in fewer calories

Helps the brain remain healthy and promotes a good mood

Accelerates the metabolic rate and makes sure the digestions system is in order

Increases energy levels and allows its users to work out for more extended periods

How DoesKeto StrongPills Work?

Loadedwith BHBKetones, which are known to burn fat,Keto Strongis supposed to encourage the body to lose weight naturally. This is because BHB Ketonestriggerthe Ketosis process that causes carbs and fat to be directly converted into energy. This supplement is a revolutionary breakthrough and known to have helped many people lose weight, as well have more energy, all without causing any unwanted side effects.

Keto Strongis a diet pill that claims to offer revolutionary weight loss results. By takingKeto Strongdaily, you can allegedly flood your body with a powerful fat-burning ketone called beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB).

BHB ketones are trendy weight loss ingredients found in dozens of popular supplements. Some claim that BHB ketones trigger your bodys fat burning. They force your body into ketosis, helping you to lose weight fast.

The makers ofKeto Strongclaim that their supplement burns fat faster than ever, helping your body burn fat for energy not carbohydrates. Its like forcing your body to go on a keto diet even if youre not on a strict keto diet. Some studies show that BHB ketones can jumpstart fat burning and lead to real weight loss results, while other studies are less definitive.

The Ingredients inKeto Strong

Keto Strongis made only with natural ingredients, so it doesnt contain any fillers or chemicals. Below are some of these ingredients and what effects they have over the body.

BHB Ketones: BHB Ketones are essential for the natural fat-burning process the body undergoes on its own when the metabolic rate is accelerated.

Forskolin Extracts: Forskolin extracts are obtained from a tropical plant with amazing calorie-burning benefits.

Garcinia Cambogia Extracts: Garcinia Cambogia contains loads ofHydroxycitricAcid, an ingredient that controls the appetite and increases the bodys energy levels. Besides,HydroxycitricAcid is also a powerful antioxidant, not to mention it suppresses emotional overeating too.

Potassium: Everyone knows potassium is extremely efficient when it comes to having more energy and stamina, which in return makes it possible for longer, more demanding workouts to be performed.

What is Keto BHB (beta-hydroxybutyrate ketones)?

Keto diets are one of the trendy diets on the market today, forcing consumers to adopt a diet that is high in fat and low in carbs. The idea is that the body will no longer depend on carbohydrates as a means of gaining energy, but instead will use the large amount of fat as a source. Although this diet may take a while to adjust, many people who follow it will report more energy and successful weight loss.

To improve results, the supplement industry has welcomed many new formulas that help ketosis start in the body. By speeding up the adjustment, consumers can lose weight faster, this is howKeto Strongentered the market claiming that using fat instead gives the average user 225% more energy.

Its official website makes numerous claims about how their30 DayDiet works, first stating that it helps burn fat at a faster rate than the natural induction of ketosis alone. Highlighting the effectiveness of ketosis, the company explains exactly howKeto Strong BHB works.

Side effects

Next, lets talk about the potential side effects ofKeto Strong. So far, we havent found any reports of side effects. Additionally, we did not find any comments in customer reviews regarding side effects. Although this is a good sign, please always use caution when using this product. Just make sure it is working properly in your system. And, if it doesnt do you any good, stop taking it. Its very easy.

You know your body better, so listen to it. In summary, we think this is a great way to make the keto diet more efficient and faster than ever. If you want visible fat loss results, you have to try this formula. Today is your day to finally free yourself from excess fat.

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AreKeto Strongweight loss pills safe?

Many experts say ketosis itself is not necessarily harmful. Some studies suggest that a ketogenic diet is safe for significantly overweight or obese people. In some individuals, the useofKetoStrongWeightLoss maylead to some GI (gastrointestinal) symptoms, such as stomach pain,stomach upset, nausea, constipation, and diarrhea. But these symptoms are more likely to occur if the high doses of this supplement are consumed.

Since keto is the most popular diet, there is a huge demand for supplements containing BHB like this. When there is a high demand, the price tends to increase. This is how markets work. We dont want to list an obsolete price here, so we have other tips instead.

To get the lowest possible price ofKeto Strong, order today as the price will only increase. To see the current pricing options, visit the official website. You can access it using the links on this page!

WHAT CAN YOU EXPECT FROMKeto Strong?

WhileKeto Strongis a revolutionary new weight loss product, you cannot expect overnight results. In the case ofKeto Strong, for it to really work, we recommend using it for at least two to three months. According to user reports, this is what most users experience:

One month one: In the first month, most users get used to being in a state of ketosis. You will lose weight slowly and many will feel a marked increase in energy.

One Month Two This is a place where magic is really happening. At the end of the month, your body actively burns fat from carbohydrates throughout the day. You will probably start to notice a rapid change each week and some other Safe line Keto benefits may occur.

Three Months You should be close to reaching your weight loss goals by now. Otherwise, you can keep using Safe line Keto until you reach your desired weight. You must feel your desire to stabilize yourself and as long as you follow a low-carbon, high-fat and high-protein diet, your body can stay in ketos, maintaining your bodily health.

AlthoughKeto Strongis a slimming supplement, it is not the only benefit. In addition to losing weight, many users report other benefits, including:

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Keto Strong Final words

The keto diet is incredibly popular because of the incredible results that people notice when they use it to lose weight! You can now further improve this already effective diet with a supplement calledKeto Strong. When you go on a diet, your body undergoes many changes, and these changes depend largely on the diet you use. This formula is tailor-made to work with the keto diet and support any changes your body is going to undergo. This way you can see the best possible results! We have done the research and found out everything you need to know about this supplement, but the short version is that we like this supplement. To learn more, keep reading ourKeto Strongreview! We will tell you what you need to know!

Were on a mission to bring the best of the best in food to our readers. As soon as we find one that actually works the way we want it to, we cant wait to let our readers know. Its just one of the best, so order today! To receive yourKeto Strongbottle, order directly from the its official website.Keto Strongis a weight loss supplement that will help its consumers to ensure that they can get rid of the calories accumulated in their body. The pills of this dietary supplement will allow the person to regain good health and achieve the desired goal related to his exercise program. This will help the consumer to have a well-toned physique and provide beneficial results.

If you know of anyone who might want to add this formula to their lifestyle, make sure they read it as well. Use the social buttons above to send Thanks for reading and Best of Health to you!

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Keto Strong Reviews: The Trusted Formulation For Better Health Results! - Santa Clarita Valley Signal

Dieting does not work, UCLA researchers report | UCLA

Posted: October 24, 2021 at 2:04 am

Will you lose weight and keep it off if you diet? No, probably not, UCLA researchers report in the April issue ofAmerican Psychologist,the journal of the American Psychological Association.

You can initially lose 5 to 10 percent of your weight on any number of diets, but then the weight comes back, said Traci Mann, UCLA associate professor of psychology and lead author of the study. We found that the majority of people regained all the weight, plus more. Sustained weight loss was found only in a small minority of participants, while complete weight regain was found in the majority. Diets do not lead to sustained weight loss or health benefits for the majority of people.

Mann and her co-authors conducted the most comprehensive and rigorous analysis of diet studies, analyzing 31 long-term studies.

What happens to people on diets in the long run? Mann asked. Would they have been better off to not go on a diet at all? We decided to dig up and analyze every study that followed people on diets for two to five years. We concluded most of them would have been better off not going on the diet at all. Their weight would be pretty much the same, and their bodies would not suffer the wear and tear from losing weight and gaining it all back.

People on diets typically lose 5 to 10 percent of their starting weight in the first six months, the researchers found. However, at least one-third to two-thirds of people on diets regain more weight than they lost within four or five years, and the true number may well be significantly higher, they said.

Although the findings reported give a bleak picture of the effectiveness of diets, there are reasons why the actual effectiveness of diets is even worse, Mann said.

Mann said that certain factors biased the diet studies to make them appear more effective than they really were. For one, many participants self-reported their weight by phone or mail rather than having their weight measured on a scale by an impartial source. Also, the studies have very low follow-up rates eight of the studies had follow-up rates lower than 50 percent, and those who responded may not have been representative of the entire group, since people who gain back large amounts of weight are generally unlikely to show up for follow-up tests, Mann said.

Several studies indicate that dieting is actually a consistent predictor of future weight gain, said Janet Tomiyama, a UCLA graduate student of psychology and co-author of the study. One study found that both men and women who participated in formal weight-loss programs gained significantly more weight over a two-year period than those who had not participated in a weight-loss program, she said.

Another study, which examined a variety of lifestyle factors and their relationship to changes in weight in more than 19,000 healthy older men over a four-year period, found that one of the best predictors of weight gain over the four years was having lost weight on a diet at some point during the years before the study started, Tomiyama said. In several studies, people in control groups who did not diet were not that much worse off and in many cases were better off than those who did diet, she said.

If dieting doesnt work, what does?

Eating in moderation is a good idea for everybody, and so is regular exercise, Mann said. That is not what we looked at in this study. Exercise may well be the key factor leading to sustained weight loss. Studies consistently find that people who reported the most exercise also had the most weight loss.

Diet studies of less than two years are too short to show whether dieters have regained the weight they lost, Mann said.

Even when you follow dieters four years, theyre still regaining weight, she said.

One study of dieting obese patients followed them for varying lengths of time. Among those who were followed for fewer than two years, 23 percent gained back more weight than they had lost, while of those who were followed for at least two years, 83 percent gained back more weight than they had lost, Mann said. One study found that 50 percent of dieters weighed more than 11 pounds over their starting weight five years after the diet, she said.

Evidence suggests that repeatedly losing and gaining weight is linked to cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes and altered immune function. Mann and Tomiyama recommend that more research be conducted on the health effects of losing and gaining weight, noting that scientists do not fully understand how such weight cycling leads to adverse health effects.

Mann notes that her mother has tried different diets, and has not succeeded in keeping the weight off. My mother has been on diets and says what we are saying is obvious, she said.

While the researchers analyzed 31 dieting studies, they have not evaluated specific diets.

Medicare raised the issue of whether obesity is an illness, deleting the words Obesity is not considered an illness from its coverage regulations in 2004. The move may open the door for Medicare to consider funding treatments for obesity, Mann noted.

Diets are not effective in treating obesity, said Mann. We are recommending that Medicare should not fund weight-loss programs as a treatment for obesity. The benefits of dieting are too small and the potential harm is too large for dieting to be recommended as a safe, effective treatment for obesity.

From 1980 to 2000, the percentage of Americans who were obese more than doubled, from 15 percent to 31 percent of the population, Mann noted.

A social psychologist, Mann, taught a UCLA graduate seminar on the psychology of eating four years ago. She and her students continued the research when the course ended. Manns co-authors are Erika Westling, Ann-Marie Lew, Barbra Samuels and Jason Chatman.

We asked what evidence is there that dieting works in the long term, and found that the evidence shows the opposite Tomiyama said.

The research was partially supported by the National Institute of Mental Health.

In future research, Mann is interested in studying whether a combination of diet and exercise is more effective than exercise alone.

UCLA isCalifornias largest university, with an enrollment of nearly 37,000 undergraduate and graduate students. The UCLA College of Letters and Science and the universitys11 professional schools feature renowned faculty and offer more than 300 degree programs and majors. UCLA is a national and international leader in the breadth and quality of its academic, research, health care, cultural, continuing education and athletic programs. Four alumni and five faculty have been awarded the Nobel Prize.

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Dieting does not work, UCLA researchers report | UCLA

7 Steps To Achieve A Healthy Work-Life Balance MyrtleBeachSC News – myrtlebeachsc.com

Posted: October 24, 2021 at 2:04 am

As technology advances and life becomes busier, achieving a healthy work-life balance is becoming increasingly complex. We all want success in every aspect of our lives, but are you sacrificing your health for this ambition?

It is not the man who has too little, but the man who craves more, that is poor. Seneca

Although there are many things that contribute to achieving a healthy work-life balance, here are some small steps you can take to become happier and healthier.

Many people turn towards diets with extreme fad claims whenever they have problems losing weight or staying fit. Although these quick fixes might prove effective in the short term, they will often lead to failure because you arent addressing the real problem.

To lose excess weight, you need to burn more calories than you take in. To maintain a healthy weight, this balance needs to be equal. Forget all the crash diets and get thin quick schemes slow and steady wins the race every time.

Make small healthy changes over time, such as packing your lunch instead of buying it, switching to sugar-free products, canceling unhealthy food deliveries, and introducing super enzymes into your eating plan. At first, these might seem like big sacrifices for minor benefits, but once they become second nature, they will greatly improve your diet without feeling like youre missing out on anything.

Its easier said than done, but there are so many positive outcomes from spending just 30 minutes exercising every day. Along with burning calories, you will be improving your blood circulation, strengthening your muscles, and boosting energy levels.

To see the benefits for yourself, try something new like dance lessons or yoga classes. You could also sign up for self-defense courses or sports that involve kickboxing, boxing, or martial arts to get in shape while learning a valuable skill.

Regardless of whether you work from an office five days a week or stay at home with kids all day every day, its important to take breaks throughout the day and make time for relaxing activities such as reading a book, watching TV shows on Netflix (or whatever is popular nowadays), going out with friends and family, etc.

When putting work first, its easy to forget about our mental health. We can become stressed, depressed, and overwhelmed due to overworking ourselves. Even if you visit the gym every day after work, your body will still be recovering from what your mind has endured throughout the day, so dont neglect this important aspect of self-care.

Does prioritizing a career sound familiar? When were busy chasing money and success, its all too easy to leave out personal relationships. Instead of working overtime for that promotion, try spending time with your partner or family members instead.

Taking vacations or weekends away is an excellent way to improve your relationships while also having fun in the process. If travel isnt possible, then plan a dinner date or movie night at home. You could also try new experiences, such as attending an art gallery exhibition or checking out the latest book releases at your local library.

Friends are also important, you dont have to spend all your free time with them but keeping in touch can help reduce feelings of loneliness or isolation. There are lots of apps where you can make plans to get together, such as Whatsapp, Facebook Messenger, Kik, etc.

How financially savvy are you? If youre constantly living paycheck to paycheck and borrowing money from friends and family, its time for some changes. The first step is to stop spending on things that dont bring lasting satisfaction (see: physical goods). Although we all need clothing, toys, and gadgets, we can live without them once in a while.

Try living within your means by creating a detailed budget for one whole month. Break down how much money youre earning every week/fortnight/month and what your essential costs will be (e.g., rent/ mortgage, electricity, water, food). If youre spending more than you earn every month, cancel unnecessary subscriptions and start saving for a rainy day instead of racking up more debt.

Most people work during the week, so its essential to find the right career path which provides satisfaction as well as financial security. To do this, we must take time off to pursue hobbies and interests outside of our working lives.

Later on in your life, dont rush into accepting the first job that comes your way because you feel like its your only option. Instead, research potential careers and their entry requirements before taking part in application tests and interviews. Follow your gut instincts because you will feel happier about doing something you truly love instead of settling for a job that doesnt make use of your potential.

Although its good to learn something new in your free time, you dont have to take up a professional hobby. It can be beneficial to try out activities you used to enjoy during childhood, such as hiking, reading books, playing board games with friends, attending concerts, etc.

If this seems too difficult or daunting at first, start small by scheduling short daily me times where you do the things which make you happy without distractions. For example, instead of scrolling through social media profiles while watching TV every night, turn off your electronic devices and give yourself 10 minutes of peace and quiet before bedtime.

If you follow the above steps, it will be easier to live a balanced life which means greater levels of happiness and self-fulfillment. These are the key factors that, when combined, can lead to long-term success in whatever industry or area of life you choose.

So whether thats at work, home, or school, finding satisfaction with what were doing is crucial for our wellbeing. Take some time out every day to do something positive and see how much better life becomes as a result!

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7 Steps To Achieve A Healthy Work-Life Balance MyrtleBeachSC News - myrtlebeachsc.com

Weight loss: Man loses 11st by cutting down on one thing – ‘finally took my top off’ – Express

Posted: October 24, 2021 at 2:04 am

Weight loss is something many people struggle with, but without the motivation, only a few manage to achieve their goals. For Dominic, who struggled with his weight for a long time, it was both his son and rugby legend Rob Burrow who motivated him to slim. But how did he manage to lose 11 stone?

Dominic shared his weight loss journey and admitted everything started after watching Rob Burrow's interview.

"I was very emotional in December 2020 and after seeing Rob Burrow give an interview following his diagnosis with MND and how he wanted to fight this awful disease so he could spend more time with his young family, it forced me to ask myself some hard questions about my lifestyle and choices.

"I was weighing in at over 22 stone and very unfit when Rob was diagnosed.

"I realised that I needed to change a lot of things about myself so that I could be here in the long term for my son," he explained.

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"I started eating healthier by joining weight watchers and on January 1 I started to run every day (a minimum of one mile) to kickstart my long road back to being a fit and healthy dad so that hopefully I could be as good a role model for my son as Rob has been for thousands of others.

"I followed the coach to five km to help build up my running slowly whilst continuing to run every day.

"I ran every day for 502 days and completed a virtual marathon on May 14, 2021 to celebrate 500 days of running.

"I ran it in three hours 46 minutes. My first run on January 1 was a park run (five km) in 48 minutes 37 seconds," Dominic explained.

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"By June 2021 I had lost just over 11 stone and Im now at a weight that Im happy with and just eating healthy and exercising to maintain both my physical and mental health," he said.

But Dominic admitted what helped him the most was changing his diet habits and cutting down on one specific thing.

"The big thing that helped the weight loss was cutting my takeaways down from two or three a week to once a week.

"I always kept the one takeaway a week as it gave me something to look forward to and aim towards and it meant that I never felt like I was depriving myself of everything I enjoyed.

"As when Ive done this in the past Ive always 'blown my diet' by having a lot of food that I know I shouldnt all at once because Ive been too strict.

"The other thing was just not having as much processed food as I had before and trying to be more organised by planning my menu for the week so that I had real food to take to work rather than buying a ready meal.

"This usual meant cooking an extra portion of my evening meal to take to work the next day," he said.

Dominic admitted that losing 11 stone has drastically changed his entire life.

"Losing the weight has given me the energy to keep up with my five-year-old son and its given me the confidence to make changes in my life to make me a happier person such as changing careers from being a bus driver to working as a support worker in a college.

"It has also given me much more body confidence than I ever had before. I ran the Manchester marathon on October 10, 2021, and it was such a warm day and I was really struggling with overheating and I actually had the confidence to finally take my top off and run the final nine miles feeling much more comfortable.

"I would never have thought to do this before and even when I was exercising I would wear baggy clothing to hide my body as best as I could," he admitted.

In January 2020 Dominic completed a five km park run in 48 minutes and in October 2021 he ran the Manchester Marathon in three hours 24 minutes 44 seconds.

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Weight loss: Man loses 11st by cutting down on one thing - 'finally took my top off' - Express

Eating highly processed foods for a month can lead to memory loss – Fox 59

Posted: October 24, 2021 at 2:04 am

COLUMBUS, Ohio There are plenty of waistline-related reasons to avoid highly processed foods, but a new study is adding yet another to the list. Ohio State University scientists report ultra-processed foods actively harm memory function within older brains.

Researchers fed a group of older rats a diet of highly processed foods for a month, sparking a strong inflammatory response in their brains. A number of behavioral signs of memory loss followed as well. Importantly, younger rats fed the same highly processed diet did not experience similar memory declines.

On a more positive note, study authors also found that providing the rodents with DHA (an omega-3 fatty acid) supplements prevented memory issues from occurring and eliminated the inflammatory effects almost entirely.

The team used a specially crafted diet to re-create ready-to-eat human foods like potato chips, frozen foods, and deli meats containing preservatives.

The fact were seeing these effects so quickly is a little bit alarming, says senior study author Ruth Barrientos, an investigator in Ohio States Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research and associate professor of psychiatry and behavioral health, in a university release.

These findings indicate that consumption of a processed diet can produce significant and abrupt memory deficits and in the aging population, rapid memory decline has a greater likelihood of progressing into neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimers disease. By being aware of this, maybe we can limit processed foods in our diets and increase consumption of foods that are rich in the omega-3 fatty acid DHA to either prevent or slow that progression, she continues.

With previous studies linking a highly-processed diet obesity, study authors say all older adults should do their best to avoid these products and opt for foods high in DHA, like salmon. DHA, short for docosahexaenoic acid, often comes in combination with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in various fish and other seafoods. DHA helps serve multiple functions within the brain, but perhaps the most important is its role in fighting off inflammation. Still, this research is noteworthy as it is the first ever to focus specifically on DHAs ability to offset brain inflammation due to processed food.

Study authors assigned a collection of three to 24-month-old male rats to one of three diets: Normal (32% calories from protein, 54% from wheat-based complex carbs and 14% from fat), highly processed (19.6% of calories from protein, 63.3% from refined carbs cornstarch, maltodextrin and sucrose and 17.1% from fat), and highly processed plus DHA supplements.

Older rats assigned to the highly processed diet showed gene activity linked to to a powerful pro-inflammatory protein. Moreover, these rats displayed other signs of inflammation within the hippocampus and amygdala. On a more actionable level, older rats eating a processed food diet also performed poorly and showed signs of memory loss during a series of tests. For example, the older rats appeared to forget about an area they had just spent some time in and failed to display anticipatory fear behavior to a danger cue. Both of these observations suggest abnormal activity and problems within the amygdala and hippcampus.

The amygdala in humans has been implicated in memories associated with emotional fear and anxiety-producing events. If this region of the brain is dysfunctional, cues that predict danger may be missed and could lead to bad decisions, Prof. Barrientos adds.

Adding in some DHA supplements, however, appeared to do a great job of blocking any processed food-provoked inflammation and stopping potential memory loss.

Its worth mentioning that all rats eating processed foods ended up gaining significant weight, especially the older rodents. Even those also given DHA supplements saw no difference in this regard. The research team stresses that this work shouldnt suggest that highly processed foods are OK as long as one also takes DHA supplements. The best option by far is to simply avoid such foods.

These are the types of diets that are advertised as being low in fat, but theyre highly processed. They have no fiber and have refined carbohydrates that are also known as low-quality carbohydrates, Prof. Barrientos concludes. Folks who are used to looking at nutritional information need to pay attention to the fiber and quality of carbohydrates. This study really shows those things are important.

The study appears in the journal Brain, Behavior, and Immunity.

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Eating highly processed foods for a month can lead to memory loss - Fox 59

Not a cure, but some tumours can be slowed by calorie-restricted diet – The New Daily

Posted: October 24, 2021 at 2:04 am

A new study had found good evidence that a calorie-restricted diet may slow tumour growth. Which is good news, but itisnt a new idea.

Theres a hundred years of research into the notion that the right diet could slow the progression of cancer or even cure it and calorie restriction has been one line of inquiry, and probably the most promising.

Previous studies have suggested that a calorie-restricted diet might slow tumor growth in some contexts, and such a diet has been shown to extend lifespan in mice and many other animal species.

But cancer and the way our bodies respond to food and drink are complex. Replacing mainstream cancer treatment with a diet of lettuce and tomatoes rarely ends well.

To take a broad concept (calorie restriction) and chisel out an effective treatment for cancer requires an understanding of why and how calorie restriction might retard tumour growth.

The new research, from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), offers an answer to those questions, and thats why its exciting.

You may have heard the saying that cancer loves sugar meaning that cancer cells consume a lot of sugar (true) and, turning that around, sugar drives the production of cancer cells (sort of true, but simplistic).

The implication is that if you cut down on sugar youll starve your tumours.

As the MIT researchers explain it, this is why some scientists have hypothesised that either the ketogenic diet (high fat, very low carbs) or calorie restriction might slow tumour growth by reducing the amount of glucose available.

When the researchers gave both diets to mice with pancreatic tumours, glucose levels went down but restricting calories had a much greater effect on tumour growth than the ketogenic diet.

It appeared that glucose levels were probably not playing a major role in the slowdown.

In their second experiment, the scientists found that in the calorie-restricted mice, lipid levels went down, but in mice on the ketogenic diet, they went up.

Why is this significant?

Lipids are molecules that serve as the building blocks of living cells, including cancer cells. These molecules are fats, waxes and oils among other compounds.

When theres a shortage of lipids, the growth of a tumour is impaired because cancer cells need lipids to construct their cell membranes.

Normally, when lipids arent available in a tissue, cells can make their own.

For that to happen, they need to maintain the right balance of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. This requires a particular enzyme (known as SCD) to convert saturated fatty acids into unsaturated fatty acids.

In the experiment, the calorie-restricted and ketogenic diets both reduced SCD activity but mice on the high-fat ketogenic diet had lipids available to them from their diet, so they didnt need to use SCD.

Mice on the calorie-restricted diet, however, couldnt get fatty acids from their diet or produce their own.

In these mice, tumour growth slowed significantly, compared to mice on the ketogenic diet.

Bottom line: While both of these diets reduced the amount of sugar available to tumours, the researchers found that only the calorically restricted diet reduced the availability of fatty acids, and this was linked to a slowdown in tumor growth.

Dr Evan Lien, lead author of the paper, said:

Not only does caloric restriction starve tumours of lipids, it also impairs the process that allows them to adapt to it. That combination is really contributing to the inhibition of tumour growth.

The researchers are not recommending that cancer patients follow a calorie-restricted diet, because it is difficult to maintain and can have harmful side effects.

However, they believe that cancer cells dependence on the availability of unsaturated fatty acids could be exploited to develop drugs that might help slow tumour growth.

The purpose of these studies isnt necessarily to recommend a diet, but its to really understand the underlying biology, Dr Lien said.

They provide some sense of the mechanisms of how these diets work, and that can lead to rational ideas on how we might mimic those situations for cancer therapy.

The researchers now plan to study how diets with a variety of fat sources including plant or animal-based fats with defined differences in saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acid content alter tumor fatty acid metabolism and the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids.

Theres a lot of evidence that diet can affect how fast your cancer progresses, but this is not a cure, says Dr Matthew Vander Heiden, director of MITs Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and the senior author of the study.

While the findings are provocative, further study is needed, and individual patients should talk to their doctor about the right dietary interventions for their cancer.

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Not a cure, but some tumours can be slowed by calorie-restricted diet - The New Daily

We’ve Lost The Art Of Chewing: Why It’s Vital To Oral Health & Development – mindbodygreen.com

Posted: October 24, 2021 at 2:04 am

While multiple factors can influence and affect the way a child's face and skull develop, such as genetics, nutrition, tongue position, and breathing, chewing is an incredibly critical one. The amount of time spent chewing (and what we are chewing), significantly affects the growth, shape, and position of the jaws.In my work, I've learned that people who tend to eat more processed and refined foods have smaller and often underdeveloped jaws than those who eat traditional diets with foods that require more chewing.

As a pediatric dentist, I know if we catch these issues soon in infancy and early childhood, we have a better chance of getting children back on track with proper facial growth, dental development, and breathing.And one strategy to use when trying to course-correct issues is encouraging families to engage their children in chewing more.

Babies and their growing jaws need stimulus at early ages, as their skeletal systems are very malleable and reactive.Chewing helps to strengthen the jaw muscles and initiate ideal bone development by assisting in laying down the bone matrix, thus allowing the jaw to develop to its fullest potential.

Other factors need to be considered, too, such as mouth breathing and improper tongue position, but working with an airway-focused or functional dentist from early on in your child's life can help you get to the root causes of issues and will offer guidance to get them back on track.

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We've Lost The Art Of Chewing: Why It's Vital To Oral Health & Development - mindbodygreen.com


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