By now, you're probably aware that water is your best bet for staying hydrated, and you should know that there's no advantage in substituting diet soda for the fully loaded version. According to research from the American Journal of Public Health, sipping on diet soda is even associated with consuming more calories at mealtimes versus drinking regular soda.

Fortunately for you, the beverage industry is competitive, and various alternative drinks have hit the shelves to vie for diet soda's place. While you may be content to trade in flavored seltzer as your fizzy beverage of choice, there are some exciting new releases you might enjoy. A notable contender is Olipop. One can of Olipop contains 45 calories and only two to five grams of sugar, sweetened by stevia and natural fruit juices. "I think they taste more soda-like. [It] definitely isn't a whisper of flavor like La Croix. It has a pretty strong artificial sweetener taste, though," says Redditor thedinosaurgoesrowr.

You can create your own flavored drinks if you're not missing the tang of sugar substitutes. Try combining sparkling water with cut fruit and herbs for a subtle twist on flavored water. Some flavor profiles that work well together are strawberries and basil, lime and mint, and pineapple and sage. You may be battling caffeine withdrawal if you're still struggling to wean yourself from soda. In this case, work on improving your sleep habits, and don't feel bad about the occasional dose of caffeine in the form of milder drinks like tea or kombucha as you taper off from diet soda.

Excerpt from:
Here's The Best Way To Wean Yourself Off The Diet Soda Habit - Glam

Its a major trend thats known by a lot of names.Time-restricted eating. Intermittent fasting. Eating windows. The Warrior Diet. The list goes on.

In case you havent heard of it, heres another term to add to your vocabulary: OMAD, or the one meal a day diet.

As the name implies, the OMAD diet consists of restricting your meals to once a day with no snacking in between. Its essentially a more extreme version of intermittent fasting, or IF, which involves restricted feeding times along with longer periods of fasting.

Is this style of eating restriction a good idea? Read on to learn the pros and cons of the OMAD diet.

As mentioned, the OMAD diet is an extreme form of intermittent fasting.For instance, one of the most common ratios for IF involves 16 hours of restriction with 8 hours of feeding time, also known as the 16:8 diet.

The OMAD diet lengthens the restriction time to essentially 23 hours, shrinking the feeding period to about an hour for a 23:1 ratio. Part of the gimmick of the OMAD diet is that you can theoretically eat whatever you want for that one hour window and still maintain or even lose weight. The diet has some high profile followers, including athletes like pro wrestler Ronda Rousey and former pro football player Herschel Walker.

Of course, these top-level athletes arent using their single meal to binge on candy and junk food. For instance, Walkers diet mostly consists of vegetables and bread, which affords him a lot of energy in the form of carbohydrates.

What does the research say about the OMAD diet? Honestly, not a lot. However, there has been plenty of research on intermittent fasting in general.

For instance, a 2021 study found that meal reduction to a single meal per day lowered total body mass and glucose levels, and didnt negatively impact physical performance during exercise.

A 2016 study of mice found that extended fasting with water was linked to a lower rate of diseases, including cancer and diabetes. Additionally, a small 2017 study of 10 people with type 2 diabetes illustrated that an 18 to 20 hour window of fasting each day led to better-controlled blood glucose levels. The reason for this may lie in the process of autophagy, which literally means self-eating in Latin. Autophagy is the process by which unused components within the cells are reused for cellular repair.

In other words, its kind of like your body recycling itself. Its a natural waste removal mechanism that breaks down and digests damaged, abnormal, or unused cells.As far as IF is concerned, as soon as you start consuming calories, the body stops digesting itself and instead focuses on digesting what youre putting in it, stopping the autophagy process.

However, there is a certain level of autophagy that happens naturally without deliberate IF practices. For instance, autophagy can be stimulated by: exercise sleep dietary restriction, including the ketogenic diet genetics

According to a 2021 review, autophagy is a crucial determinant of cellular health and organismal longevity, and impairment or imbalance in autophagy promotes pathological aging and disease.

On the other hand, not all the research on intermittent fasting and OMAD-like diets is favorable. For instance, a 2007 controlled trial showed that eating once a day was linked to an increase in blood pressure and cholesterol in middle-aged adults who were considered healthy and of normal weight.

However, the study also showed that body weight and body fat decreased in the subjects, likely due to changes in metabolic activity.

Other downsides of fasting may include: fatigue dizziness binge-eating difficulty focusing constipation headaches diarrhea nausea bloating malnutrition

When restricting your eating, its possible to get hangry (hungry-angry) as well as experiencing fatigue and even dizziness.Its also possible to engage in binge-eating if youre missing food for the remaining 23 hours of the day.

On top of that, fasting diets like OMAD can result in digestive issues, including bloating, gas, constipation, and diarrhea, especially if you arent getting a wide variety of foods and plenty of fiber.

When youre not eating for most of the day, you may also forget to drink. This is especially dangerous, as the human body can go an average of one to two months without food, but only three days without water. For children, those timelines are even shorter.

In rare cases, food restriction can result in malnutrition. If you adhere to a fasting diet like OMAD for an extended period of time and your diet doesnt contain enough micronutrients, its possible that you wont get enough nutrition.

This can be prevented by eating lots of whole foods like vegetables, fruits, grains, and health proteins and fats. However, you should never embark on an extended fast without approval and supervision from a doctor.

Experts agree that there are several categories of people who shouldnt participate in extended fasts like the OMAD diet.

These include people who are: pregnant breastfeeding kids and teens older adults who have compromised health, strength, or energy immunocompromised experiencing an eating disorder diabetic experiencing dementia have a history of traumatic brain injury

This list isnt exhaustive, and its always essential to talk to a doctor or healthcare professional about the kind of diet thats uniquely suited for your needsespecially when it comes to fasting.

The general consensus in the scientific community is that intermittent fasting and its cousins can offer health benefits.However, its always a good choice to consider your unique situation and needs before you start a diet like OMAD.Certain groups of people are better off avoiding fasting diets like OMAD, and speaking to a healthcare professional about whats right for you is a great first step.

In the meantime, you can start out with a less extreme form of intermittent fasting, like a 16:8 eating window, if you dont have any medical conditions that might be worsened by IF.

Link:
Is The One Meal A Day Diet Safe? Heres What You Need to Know - Goalcast

Welcome to You Are What You Eat...or Are You?, a mini series about the ways that we project our identities through food.

One of the most popular memes on the r/RawMeat subreddit depicts Jesus sucking a long, anxious drag on a freshly lit cigarette. "God watching us set meat on fire after creating it as the perfect fuel for humans," reads the caption. Is the oven sacrilegious? That's the foundational principle of this community. Modern diets have been corrupted by an elusive cabal of global industrialistsBig Pharma, Big Agriculture, BigBeyond Burger?and the only way to live in accordance with nature, as God intended, is to chow down on a veiny slab of uncooked beef.

The denizens of r/RawMeat seem to skew young and male, and their forum unfurls like a pamphlet for a profound new epicurean crusade. One post showcases a dinner of slimy minced liver; another derisively refers to those who prepare their meals as "food burners." Men have flitted through countless different questionable nutritional movements and fitness motifs to crack the code of peak performance. But after the dust has settled, and the drums of whey protein have been cast aside, these guys decided that the truth was writhing right in front of them the whole time.

"I wouldn't call myself a conspiracy theorist, but I don't trust everything," says Alex, a 19-year-old from Sweden who is a frequent poster on r/RawMeat and withholds his last name for "safety purposes." Alex pivoted to a raw diet last year. "Just think about it: If everyone was healthy and in good shape, why would we need hospitals? Medicine? Healthcare?"

It's difficult to know how large the raw meat community is. I'm certainly not the only person who's slurped down a gristly cube of horse sashimi during a trip to Japan. (Grassy and gamey. Not bad, honestly.) And beef tartare can be found in any millennial-courting French bistro in the country. But the boys of the subreddit are far more fanatical about their allegiance to the diet than us casual participants. R/RawMeat has about 1,600 subscribers, and new posts go up once every couple of days. Most of them reiterate the dogma that uncooked food is better for our bodies and our brains; that untempered animal blood makes us strong, virile, and free of disease; and that mainstream dietary philosophy, which espouses basic food hygienics, is thoroughly wrongheaded. One must open their third eye to indulge in the raw meat lifestyle. After that, who knows what you might see.

"I suffer from pretty severe anxiety and depression. Whenever I eat a lot of raw food in my diet, that decreases. I get much more content with my life and focus," adds Alex. (It's worth noting here that no formal nutritional studies or professional dietary advice have revealed or advocated a relationship between eating more raw meat and feeling smarter, stronger, happier, or healthier.)

Immerse yourself in the community, and you will witness all sorts of eccentric epicurean choices. Mostly we are talking beef; raw poultry or pork isn't nearly as popular. Sometimes the adherents chow into something relatively conservativelike, say, an uncooked skirt steakwhile other times, the cuts for dinner time are far more esoteric. Fully unvaccinated beef, for instance.

Visit link:
What Is the Raw Meat Diet and Why Are Men Obsessed With It? - Bon Appetit

ANDY RUIZ JR is back at the weight where shocked the world - on a lax diet including fried chicken.

Ruiz shot to fame in June 2019 when he became the first man to defeat Anthony Joshua, following a seventh-round stoppage.

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The day beforehand, the Mexican-American hit the scales at 268lb, 19st, where he revealed he was most comfortable.

And ahead of his return against Luis Ortiz this weekend, live on FITE TV, Ruiz is back at his optimum weight with the help of fried chicken chain Canes.

He said: Ive been doing everything that Ive been supposed to do.

"I dont want to say a lot of stuff but yesterday we ate Canes - Im not in a big diet, you know? Ive been eating good.

"The main thing and the most important thing is just putting the hard work inside of the gym.

"So weight it goes off and it comes back on whenever it does. Were just focused on boxing. 260lb, Im in the 60s.

"So I weigh exactly what [I did] when I fought Anthony Joshua. But having more ability, you know, moving around. I feel good.

Ruiz, 32,lost his rematch with Joshua, 32, in Saudi Arabia six months after winning the beltshaving ballooned up to20 STONE.

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He got back down to 18st 2lb for his comeback fight against Chris Arreola, 41, in May of last yearbut the win was less than convincing.

So Ruiz is returning to what got him to the top of the division as he eyes another run back to the titles.

His fight with Ortiz, 43, has also been named as an eliminator for the WBC title Tyson Fury, 34, currently holds.

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Andy Ruiz Jr eating fried chicken and refusing to diet for Luis Ortiz fight as Anthony Joshuas ex-rival r... - The US Sun

For most patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), symptoms can improve after patients complete the six-food elimination diet (SFED) and after foods that have been identified as triggers are reintroduced, according to a new study.

The diet temporarily removes common triggers, such as milk, wheat, soy, eggs, tree nuts/peanuts, and fish/shellfish. After reintroduction of foods, many patients were able to identify a single food trigger.The most common food triggers were milk, wheat, and soy.

Dr Nirmala Gonsalves

"Patients are looking for alternative ways to treat their disease not just through medication," Nirmala Gonsalves, MD, professor of gastroenterology and hepatology and co-director of the Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders Program at the Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, told Medscape Medical News.

"In shared decision-making conversations with patients, we've found that people are driven by trying to identify their own personal food triggers," she said. "Once identified, they also have the self-motivation to continue the process."

The study was published online in The American Journal of Gastroenterology.

EoE is an immune-mediated inflammatory condition characterized by pathologic inflammation of eosinophils in the esophagus that leads to esophageal dysfunction. In adults, this inflammation typically leads to difficulty with swallowing and to food impaction.

Treatments for EoE include medical therapy, such as proton pump inhibitors and topical corticosteroids that are swallowed. Previous studies have indicated that dietary therapy in which food allergens are identified and are then removed can be effective in treating the condition, the study authors write.

Gonsalves and colleagues conducted a retrospective review of adult patients with EoE who were treated with the SFED at Northwestern University from 2006 to 2021. A diagnosis of EoE was confirmed with esophageal biopsy results that showed15 or more eosinophils per high-power field (eos/hpf) after a proton pump inhibitor trial.

The researchers classified patients as full responders if eos/hpf levels were <15 after the 6-week food elimination diet. The researchers also recorded food triggers if food reintroduction was pursued after the diet.

Overall, 213 patients completed the SFED. Of those, 131 patients (62%) experienced a histologic response;for 115 patients (54%), eos/hpf was <15.

The degree of baseline inflammation was 54 eos/hpf for responders and 58 eos/hpf for nonresponders. After the SFED, on average, eos/hpf was 11 for responders and 64 for nonresponders. About 77% of responders and 37% of nonresponders reported improvement in dysphagia symptoms.

Among the initial nonresponders, 11 patients underwent another 6-week round of the SFED, and 15 patients underwent another 6-week round of diet elimination with additional food restrictions, including restrictions of corn, beef, legumes, or poultry. Of the 11 patients, 27% achieved eos/hpf of <15. Of the 15 patients, 33% achieved eos/hpf of <15.

Altogether, 123 patients (58%) achieved eos/hpf of <15 after initial or extended diet elimination. This implies that 31% of patients who don't initially respond may do so on a second attempt, the study authors write.

In addition, 78% of those who responded to the diet underwent food reintroduction to identify food triggers. For about 69%, one food trigger was identified; for 24%, two food triggers were identified; and for 4%, three allergens were identified. In addition, 11 patients completed full reintroduction without any trigger being identified and remission was sustained.

The most common food triggers were milk (37%), wheat (26%), and soy (13%), followed by eggs (10%), nuts (6%), seafood (4%), corn (1%), and poultry (1%). Among patients who completed a second round, the most common triggers were egg, dairy, soy, and wheat.

Dr Jonathan Spergel

"In their retrospective study, 54% had histologic improvement, which is similar to rates reported with topical steroids," Jonathan Spergel, MD, PhD, chief of the allergy program at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, told Medscape Medical News.

Spergel, who wasn't involved with this study, researches the natural history of eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases and has written on the management of pediatric EoE.

"Their study suggests that single-food or six-food group elimination is a viable option for adult patients with EoE," he said. "Other groups have seen similar results in pediatrics."

Gonsalves and colleagues reviewed data from patients who were seen in the clinic during the past 3 years and found that 60% of responders and 35% of nonresponders are maintaining some form of dietary restriction. This suggests that diet therapy can be an effective long-term maintenance strategy, they write.

The researchers are studying other diets that could help patients, including patients with inflammatory conditions below the esophagus. In addition, they're studying accumulated tissue in patients to understand response predictors and to be able to identify patients who may benefit from diet elimination in the first place.

Dr Marc Rothenberg

"EoE is a chronic disease associated with substantial morbidity. As such, studies that better define treatment responses are needed," Marc Rothenberg, MD, PhD, professor of pediatrics and director of the allergy and immunology division at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, told Medscape Medical News.

Rothenberg, who wasn't involved with this study, also serves as director of the Cincinnati Center for Eosinophilic Disorders. He and colleagues research the cellular, molecular, and genetic causes of EoE with the goal of developing better treatments.

"Diet therapy is an attractive approach, as it avoids medicine and also directs treatment at the cardinal cause of the disease food antigen-induced immune hypersensitivity," he said.

The study received no financial support. Several authors have received speaking and consulting fees from several companies, including AbbVie, AstraZeneca, and Regeneron-Sanofi. Spergel and Rothenberg report no relevant financial relationships.

Am J Gastroenterol. Published online August 12, 2022. Abstract

Carolyn Crist is a health and medical journalist who reports on the latest studies for Medscape, MDedge, and WebMD..

For more news, follow Medscape on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and YouTube.

Excerpt from:
Majority of Adults With EoE Achieve Histologic Response After SFED - Medscape

Have a gander at Bella Thornes Instagram and youll see shes a big gym fan. The actress, 24, often shares workout videos and pictures along with handy tips for keeping fit and healthy in her captions. From working out with friends and family wholl keep you accountable to practicing progressive overload to see results and always making time for proper stretching, she knows her stuff.

Not only that, she works out for more than just how she looks. In May this year, she took to Twitter with an important message: Almost every day I have been to the gym in the last six weeks, she wrote. Turns out I only lost one pound of fat and gained one pound of muscle. Throw away your scales ladies because they dont mean s**t. As long as YOU feel better and u like the way u look thats all that matters.

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So, if ever there was someone you could take some inspo from, its Bella. Read on for everything you need to know about how she trains and eats.

Speaking to Allure, she said: I wouldn't say I'm in my best shape at the moment. My brother is my trainer. He's getting into the UFC, and he does Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, Muay Thai, and Mixed Martial Arts.

During quarantine, she told Hollywood Life that she and her family would exercise together, doing yoga, some weight training, and a bit of boxing. Its a family affair at the moment!

In the same interview with Allure, she added: [My brother] has got me doing circuit training and weightliftingI never do cardio. A lot of people think that cardio burns off weight better than weightlifting does...but weightlifting works your muscles, getting them toned while losing fat.

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In July 2020, she shared this post of herself doing a TRX ab workout. She credited her then-boyfriend Benjamin Mascolo for motivating her to work out first thing in the morning.

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She captioned a video of herself doing box jumps and plank commandos: Wow usher was helping me get it at the gym today:) core, tiny bit abs, and legs.

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Shes shared several post-yoga videos and photos in her time, but for this one, she explained that yoga had been helping her fall asleep easier at night, while also helping her feel like she can do more in the day.

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If youve not already gathered, she likes to mix her workouts up, and reformer Pilates is also part of her roster. She captioned this pic: Getting back on that #grind #pilates and it feels good.

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Being Bella Thorne, she set up a private reformer Pilates class for her and two friends, and wrote: Soooo we died Really need to get back on my workout routine! Thank you for the private class sexy momma @carriepilatesplus.

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Were forever harping on about the benefits of stretching both pre and post workout, and Bella is right there with us. She wrote on Instagram: I always stretch before my workout and after, to make the muscles grow longer and slimmer #workouttip #thirstythursday #thankfulthursday.

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As if Pilates, yoga, weightlifting and circuit training isnt enough, she also does the occasional spin class. Shes a big fan of Flywheel and Soulcycle the former sadly closed its doors in 2020, but Soulcycle now has a studio in Soho, London (though Bella hasnt been spotted there yet).

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As weve mentioned, Bellas exercise MO is less about how she looks to the naked eye, and more about how she feels. In this post, she shared that strong is what shes after.

#GettingStrongAgain, she said.

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Another class to add to her ticklist: hot yoga. Posing at her fave studio (Y7 Studio unfortunately not yet open in the UK), Bella wrote: The front. #sweaty #hotyoga #sundaymorning #sundayfunday

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Though there are plenty of ways to consume your protein (not just a daily chicken and broccoli dinner, FYI), Bellas a protein shake kinda gal. She captioned a video of herself using a VersaClimber: Today we were targeting abs, Glutes, core strength, and Calves.. With a nice protein shake to finish the work out off right 🙂

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If youre unfamiliar, progressive overload is, in a nutshell, the process of incrementally increasing the intensity of your training, so that your body adapts and improves over time. There are a few variables that you can apply this to, like increasing time under tension or the number of reps you do.

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Captioning a video of her doing hamstring curls, Bella explained that she alternates between increasing reps, and increasing the amount of weight she lifts: Today, I focused on glutes and abs. If you want to tone, do more reps and if you want to build more muscle, try heavier weights and less reps. Now TIME TO EAT! The best time to eat after your work out is 45 mins to 1 hour after you complete your routine.

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Granted, shes only #foolingaround in this video, but the dancing shes doing is another great (and fun) way to keep fit. If nothing else, take this vid as proof all her gymming gives her endless energy, and who wouldnt want that?

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Any of you #guilty of neglecting certain parts of your body? Weve all done it, but Bella knows the importance of training every part of her bod (workout splits for the win), as evidenced in this clip.

On the food front, she's not about cutting things out. During an interview with Wired, she shared that she's definitely not on the vegan train. 'I'm not, I'm so sorry guys. I really want to be though. My sister's a vegan so we eat a lot of vegan food but man, bacon. Oh, gets me every time.'

Originally posted here:
Bella Thorne's exercise and diet: 18 things we know - Women's Health UK

The rebound effect of the diet is a nightmare for those faced with the decision to start the weight loss process. The discouragement is strong because, in general, they follow a strict eating plan, exercise and manage to reach their goals, but they lose weight within a few months. A dynamic that makes one feel hopeless and anguish.

Nutritionists warn that this phenomenon is even more common when famous magic diets are created. Namely, those that are too restrictive and promise immediate results that the body cannot assimilate naturally.

In a meta-analysis published in National Library of Medicine The results of 29 studies were examined on long-term weight loss. In the same it was revealed that most of the persons who were part of the investigation, regained more than half the weight lost in two years and, in five years, regained more than 80% of the lost weight, Even then, Only one in five people who follow these magical diets lose weight in the long run.

There has been talk about fad diets over the years and continues to be as such Ketogenic, Paleolithic, intermittent fasting, among others but It is not taken into account that they do not suit the lifestyle of a person who spends most of his time away from home. The results of these diets are usually visible quickly but they go away as soon as they come. Well, since there is no food education, it is not adapted to tastes and habits, many forms are no longer considered, says Lic. In Nutrition, Juliana Jimnez (MN 10553)

Regarding this matter, Dr. Richard Josephphysician at the Center for Weight Control and Wellness in Brigham and Womens Hospital in Boston, USA, and Harvard Medical School member maintains that The most important factor for maintaining weight lies in the brain,

In other words, according to Joseph The psychological aspect is the key to staying healthy even after reaching the desired weight. With a healthy eating plan. For that, people who jump from one fad to another diet often experience the metabolic roller coaster popularly known as yo-yo diet Presenting the following symptoms:

The experts claim is based on scientific evidence. According to research titled Determinants of Weight Loss Maintenance: A Systematic Review, correct weight loss psychology is important for regulating the physiology that supports weight loss.

According to research conducted by Harvard, Only those who have adopted habits such as playing sports or eating a healthy and varied diet have managed to achieve their long-term goals and avoid unwanted rebound effects.

To do this, Dr. Joseph explains, Self-regulation and controlling self-efficacy are essential. The first concept refers to regulating and understanding eating behavior, that is, questioning whether to overeat when stressed, whether to eat emotionally, and to keep food intake in appropriate and varied amounts on the mental radar. Is. Then, when the need behind the desire to eat is understood and controlled, the individual will have a better chance of success.

is also a factor own safety, People who have a high confidence in their ability to perform certain behaviors (who believe in their ability to perform certain behaviors) are more successful at maintaining weight loss, the expert says.

According to Jimenez, it is 100% possible to maintain a healthy weight over the long term. The keys to success are a varied and balanced diet, daily physical activity, perseverance and organization. And he adds: The psychological factor is fundamental. A healthy mind is needed to be able to have a balanced diet, Many patients come to terms with the belief that they will not be able to, that they are not born to play sports, that they will never stop eating large amounts, but that these are the limits they have put on themselves. .

Maintain the Weight Loss Need to be comfortable with discomfort: Sometimes to feel hungry, to exercise instead of stress eating, to conscientiously seek reward versus real hunger, and to resist the ubiquitous allure of ultra-processed foods. Thats why. In the modern environment, you have to learn and practice psychological tools that help you not only accept, but ultimately accept, the inevitable discomfort of keeping the weight off.

Excerpt from:
Diet's Rebound Effect: Harvard Discovers Why It Occurs And How To Avoid It - Nation World News

It was a hot summer evening in 2008 when I received a panic call from a friend. She was breaking down and couldnt explain herself clearly. All I could figure out was that her 24-year-old son Saurabh had been found to have a blood sugar of 400+. Could he really be a diabetic? What would be his future? I saw Saurabh the same evening. He did not seem sick at all, except that he was about 20 kg overweight, despite losing some weight over the last few weeks.

Saurabhs HbA1c concentration was 13 per cent. HbA1c is a measure of blood sugar as a three-month average. The normal range is <5.7, 5.7-6.4 is considered prediabetes, and 6.5 or above is labelled as diabetes. As is the protocol for young patients with such high blood sugar values, insulin treatment was initiated. His laboratory tests came back and he was found to have Type 2 diabetes, the common type of diabetes that usually affects older adults and does not always require insulin for treatment.

Saurabh worked in a law firm, had 10-14 hour days, ate in the office, partied on weekends. Sleep hours were erratic and interrupted. He had a family history his mother had developed diabetes at the age of 50. Diabetes hit him earlier because of his obesity and lifestyle.

Since that day, Saurabh turned a new leaf. He gave up junk food altogether and started regular exercises. He lost 12 kg over the next six months with lifestyle modification and behavioural discipline. In a few weeks, his insulin was discontinued. His blood sugar values remained under control on progressively lower doses of oral medication. Another six months passed and Saurabh lost an additional 6 kg. Soon, he was able to maintain normal blood sugar levels without any medication. To date, he continues to monitor his blood sugar and all his other parameters every few months. All parameters are within range. He has not regained his body weight. For the last 12 years he is off all medication and continues to be normal.

Is this a miracle? Can this be reproduced? Let me first state that some patients of Type 2 diabetes can go off medication, and remain fine for years. Its not called cure or reversal, which implies permanency. Rather, the term remission is used, since we dont know if it is permanent. Type 2 diabetes is an ongoing, progressive disease and it is expected to make a comeback at some point. Clearly, however, several years of postponement of diabetes is possible. This has tremendous benefits for our long-term health and well-being.

The key to achieving a remission in Type 2 diabetes is weight loss. Weight and diabetes have a direct and powerful connection. Much of the increase in diabetes prevalence worldwide is linked to increasing obesity. Shedding off those extra kilos can reverse many metabolic processes and can induce remission in diabetes, particularly if diabetes is of recent onset. Type 2 diabetes results from a combination of insulin resistance (resistance to insulin action at the cellular level) and insulin deficiency (the pancreatic beta cells are unable to make enough insulin). Weight loss can partially reverse both of these processes.

Studies have shown that very low-calorie diets can help achieve weight loss and remission of diabetes. About 600-800 calories per day, consumed for two to three months, followed by a maintenance diet were able to normalise blood glucose levels in about half the participants and also maintain them, for at least a year.

A large community-based clinical trial called DiRECT (Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial) was conducted in the UK. DiRECT enrolled people with Type 2 diabetes for less than six years and not receiving insulin treatment. They were provided either standard diabetes care or low-calorie meal replacement diet (825850 kcal/day) for three to five months, followed by stepwise food re-introduction and a long-term weight maintenance programme. At a one-year follow-up, 46 per cent of patients had achieved diabetes remission (HbA1c <6.5 per cent without medication). At two years, the remission rate was 36 per cent.

The diets used in these trials were quite restrictive, requiring strong, sustained motivation, and could only be followed under close medical supervision. The long-term effects of such severe diet restriction are unknown at present. Some individuals achieve calorie reduction by following different types of intermittent fasting protocols. Although remission is reported with long standing diabetes too, the shorter the duration of diabetes (usually less than 5-6 years) the greater the chances of success.

What about exercise? Exercise keeps us healthy in many ways and helps control our blood glucose too. But exercise alone, even 10,000 steps a day, is not enough to induce remission. It has to be combined with calorie restriction.

Weight loss (bariatric) surgery has been known to induce remission in patients with diabetes. The signs of diabetes reduce or disappear within a few days, even before any major weight loss, suggesting that severe limitation in food intake or changes in gut hormones could be a reason. In the long term, weight loss seems to be the main factor responsible for better diabetes control.

Are such aggressive measures always required to induce remission in diabetes? In our experience, many patients like Saurabh who are overweight or obese and initiate calorie restriction (not necessarily drastic, as in the UK trials), early in the course of diabetes, are able to achieve remission. I dont believe it is always necessary to resort to very low-calorie diets. Any combination of diet and exercise that helps one knock off the extra kilos in a young individual with recent onset diabetes has the potential to induce remission. Even a 10 per cent patient weight loss is sufficient in some cases to normalise blood glucose.

More recent approaches that have shown good results include custom-designed diets and programmes based on a large number of data points acquired through continuous monitoring of body parameters.

Continue reading here:
Can you reverse diabetes with weight loss and a rigid diet? How some patients of Type 2 diabetes actually went off medication - The Indian Express

last June Samsung Electronics held an event in which it announced a new range of household appliances under the name Bespoke for this 2022teams that promised more efficient, eye-catching designs and, above all, with advanced functionalities that would incorporate algorithms Artificial Intelligence (AI) to the daily lives of users.

Now, on the occasion of the IFA 2022 that takes place this week, the manufacturer has given more details about this line of Bespoke products for Europe, explaining in more depth what these new generation functions with AI consist of in their washing and cooking range.

The oven Bespoke AI of Samsung incorporates a series of intelligent functions that, according to the brand, turn the kitchen into a healthy experience, allowing users to prepare the best dishes for both the palate and the body.To do this they make use of various cooking systems and techniques, and especially the steamincorporating different special programs such as Natural Steamwhich they ensure allows to maintain a moist interior in the food while a crunchy exterior, so it is specially designed for confectionery.

The Full Steam function is aimed at steaming vegetables or fish and the Dual Cook Steam functionwhich combines the upper and lower zones with steam to prepare different dishes simultaneously.But without a doubt one of the most curious functions is AI Pro Cookingwhich uses the technology of food image recognition to optimize oven cooking settings, while monitoring food to prevent overcooking. Users can also make time-lapse videos that can later be shared on social networks.

In terms of health-related features, the Bespoke AI oven is also links to the SmartThings Cooking service to provide personalized recipes and intelligent menu plans according to users tastes, diets and the foods available in the refrigerator.In addition, SmartThings Cooking can be synchronized with the Samsung Health service to make a tracking calorie goals to recommend recipes. Thanks to this new function, which will be available in October this year, it will be easier count calories and cook healthy.

Samsung has also presented its new Bespoke AI line for laundry (washer and dryer) composed of a washing machine equipped with an ecological technology capable of reduce the emission of microplastics of clothing that includes a washing program that they claim can reduce microplastic emissions from clothing by 54% through the use of filter technology to capture those plastic particles.The Bespoke AI washing machine is equipped with the technology AI Ecobubble which is responsible for converting the detergent into bubbles before entering the drum so that the laundry absorbs it quickly, even in cold water. This allows, according to the brand, to reduce energy consumption by up to 70% and improve dirt removal by 24%.In addition, the Bespoke AI washing machine includes washing sensors that measure load weight and soil level to ensure that the optimal amount of water, detergent and energy is used, with the goal of reducing waste. On the other hand, SpaceMax technology allows the machine to use a larger drum without increasing its external dimensions, offering a capacity of 11 kilos.For its part, the Bespoke AI dryer also includes several options to save energy. To begin with, it has a heat pump to achieve drying temperatures using less electricity, something that combines with the digital inverter technology to dry clothes more efficiently. In this case, AI is used to continuously monitor temperature and humidity and adjust settings to dry clothes using as little energy as possible.

Samsungs new ovens, washers and dryers will be shown to the public this week during the IFA 2022 and they will reach the European market in the coming months, although they have not yet indicated what their recommended sale prices will be.

Read the rest here:
Samsung's new oven recommends what to eat based on your diet, calorie goal and what you have in the fridge - Gearrice

During the long seafaring voyages of the 15th and 16th centuries, a period known as the Age of Discovery, sailors reported experiencing visions of sublime foods and verdant fields. The discovery that these were nothing more than hallucinations after months at sea was agonizing. Some sailors wept in longing; others threw themselves overboard.

The cure for these harrowing mirages turned out to be not a concoction of complex chemicals, as once suspected, but rather the simple antidote of lemon juice. These sailors suffered from scurvy, a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C, an essential micronutrient that people acquire from eating fruits and vegetables.

Vitamin C is important for the production and release of neurotransmitters, the chemical messengers of the brain. In its absence, brain cells do not communicate effectively with one another, which can lead to hallucinations.

As this famous example of early explorers illustrates, there is an intimate connection between food and the brain, one that researchers like me are working to unravel. As a scientist who studies the neuroscience of nutrition at the University of Michigan, I am primarily interested in how components of food and their breakdown products can alter the genetic instructions that control our physiology.

Beyond that, my research is also focused on understanding how food can influence our thoughts, moods and behaviors. While we cant yet prevent or treat brain conditions with diet, researchers like me are learning a great deal about the role that nutrition plays in the everyday brain processes that make us who we are.

Perhaps not surprisingly, a delicate balance of nutrients is key for brain health: Deficiencies or excesses in vitamins, sugars, fats and amino acids can influence brain and behavior in either negative or positive ways.

Vitamins and mineral deficiencies

As with vitamin C, deficits in other vitamins and minerals can also precipitate nutritional diseases that adversely impact the brain in humans. For example, low dietary levels of vitamin B3/niacin typically found in meat and fish cause pellagra, a disease in which people develop dementia.

Niacin is essential to turn food into energy and building blocks, protect the genetic blueprint from environmental damage and control how much of certain gene products are made. In the absence of these critical processes, brain cells, also known as neurons, malfunction and die prematurely, leading to dementia.

In animal models, decreasing or blocking the production of niacin in the brain promotes neuronal damage and cell death. Conversely, enhancing niacin levels has been shown to mitigate the effects of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimers, Huntingtons and Parkinsons. Observational studies in humans suggest that sufficient levels of niacin may protect against these diseases, but the results are still inconclusive.

Interestingly, niacin deficiency caused by consumption of excessive amounts of alcohol can lead to similar effects as those found with pellagra.

Another example of how a nutrient deficiency affects brain function can be found in the element iodine, which, like niacin, must be acquired from ones diet. Iodine, which is present in seafood and seaweed, is an essential building block for thyroid hormones signaling molecules that are important for many aspects of human biology, including development, metabolism, appetite and sleep. Low iodine levels prevent the production of adequate amounts of thyroid hormones, impairing these essential physiological processes.

Iodine is particularly important to the developing human brain; before table salt was supplemented with this mineral in the 1920s, iodine deficiency was a major cause of cognitive disability worldwide. The introduction of iodized salt is thought to have contributed to the gradual rise in IQ scores in the past century.

Ketogenic diet for epilepsy

Not all dietary deficiencies are detrimental to the brain. In fact, studies show that people with drug-resistant epilepsy a condition in which brain cells fire uncontrollably can reduce the number of seizures by adopting an ultralow-carbohydrate regimen, known as a ketogenic diet, in which 80% to 90% of calories are obtained from fat.

Carbohydrates are the preferred energy source for the body. When they are not available either because of fasting or because of a ketogenic diet cells obtain fuel by breaking down fats into compounds called ketones. Utilization of ketones for energy leads to profound shifts in metabolism and physiology, including the levels of hormones circulating in the body, the amount of neurotransmitters produced by the brain and the types of bacteria living in the gut.

Researchers think that these diet-dependent changes, especially the higher production of brain chemicals that can quiet down neurons and decrease levels of inflammatory molecules, may play a role in the ketogenic diets ability to lower the number of seizures. These changes may also explain the benefits of a ketogenic state either through diet or fasting on cognitive function and mood.

Sugar, saturated fats and ultraprocessed foods

Excess levels of some nutrients can also have detrimental effects on the brain. In humans and animal models, elevated consumption of refined sugars and saturated fats a combination commonly found in ultraprocessed foods promotes eating by desensitizing the brain to the hormonal signals known to regulate satiety.

Interestingly, a diet high in these foods also desensitizes the taste system, making animals and humans perceive food as less sweet. These sensory alterations may affect food choice as well as the reward we get from food. For example, research shows that peoples responses to ice cream in brain areas important for taste and reward are dulled when they eat it every day for two weeks. Some researchers think this decrease in food reward signals may enhance cravings for even more fatty and sugary foods, similar to the way smokers crave cigarettes.

High-fat and processed-food diets are also associated with lower cognitive function and memory in humans and animal models as well as a higher incidence of neurodegenerative diseases. However, researchers still dont know if these effects are due to these foods or to the weight gain and insulin resistance that develop with long-term consumption of these diets.

Time scales

This brings us to a critical aspect of the effect of diet on the brain: time. Some foods can influence brain function and behavior acutely such as over hours or days while others take weeks, months or even years to have an effect. For instance, eating a slice of cake rapidly shifts the fat-burning, ketogenic metabolism of an individual with drug-resistant epilepsy into a carbohydrate-burning metabolism, increasing the risk of seizures. In contrast, it takes weeks of sugar consumption for taste and the brains reward pathways to change, and months of vitamin C deficiency to develop scurvy. Finally, when it comes to diseases like Alzheimers and Parkinsons, risk is influenced by years of dietary exposures in combination with other genetic or lifestyle factors such as smoking.

In the end, the relationship between food and the brain is a bit like the delicate Goldilocks: We need not too little, not too much but just enough of each nutrient.

Monica Dus is **Assistant Professor of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biologyat the **University of Michigan.

The Conversation is an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts.

Read more here:
Diet can influence mood, behavior and more - Japan Today