794 Emperor Kanmu relocates the Japanese capital to Heian-ky (now Kyoto).
1707 Four British naval vessels run aground on the Isles of Scilly because of faulty navigation. In response, the first Longitude Act is enacted in 1714.
1746 The College of New Jersey (later renamed Princeton University) receives its charter.
1784 Russia founds a colony on Kodiak Island, Alaska.
1797 Andr-Jacques Garnerin makes the first recorded parachute jump, from one thousand meters (3,200 feet) above Paris.
1877 The Blantyre mining disaster in Scotland kills 207 miners.
1879 Using a filament of carbonized thread, Thomas Edison tests the first practical electric incandescent light bulb (it lasts 13 hours before burning out).
1884 The Royal Observatory in Britain is adopted as the prime meridian of longitude.
The terminal before the crash
1895 In Paris an express train derails after overrunning the buffer stop, crossing almost 30 metres (100 ft) of concourse before crashing through a wall and falling 10 metres (33 ft) to the road below.
1941 World War II: French resistance member Guy Mquet and 29 other hostages are executed by the Germans in retaliation for the death of a German officer.
1957 Vietnam War: First United States casualties in Vietnam.
1962 Cuban Missile Crisis: President Kennedy, after internal counsel from Dwight D. Eisenhower, announces that American reconnaissance planes have discovered Soviet nuclear weapons in Cuba, and that he has ordered a naval quarantine of the Communist nation.
1964 Jean-Paul Sartre is awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, but turns down the honor.
1968 Apollo program: Apollo 7 safely splashes down in the Atlantic Oceanafter orbiting the Earth 163 times.
1975 The Soviet unmanned space mission Venera 9 lands on Venus.
1976 Red Dye No. 4 is banned by the US Food and Drug Administration after it is discovered that it causes tumors in the bladders of dogs.
2008 India launches its first unmanned lunar mission Chandrayaan-1.
2014 Michael Zehaf-Bibeau attacks the Parliament of Canada, killing a soldier and injuring three other people.
Births
1197 Juntoku, Japanese emperor (d. 1242)
1701 Maria Amalia, Holy Roman Empress (d. 1756)
1811 Franz Liszt, Hungarian pianist and composer (d. 1886)
1882 N. C. Wyeth, American painter and illustrator (d. 1945)
1903 George Wells Beadle, American geneticist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1989)
1913 Robert Capa, Hungarian-American photographer and journalist (d. 1954)
1920 Timothy Leary, American psychologist and author (d. 1996)
1925 Robert Rauschenberg, American painter and illustrator (d. 2008)
1929 Dory Previn, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2012)
1942 Annette Funicello, American actress and singer (d. 2013)
1946 Deepak Chopra, Indian-American physician and author
Deaths
741 Charles Martel, Frankish king (b. 688)
842 Abo, Japanese prince (b. 792)
1383 Ferdinand I of Portugal (b. 1345)
1973 Pablo Casals, Catalan cellist and conductor (b. 1876)
1993 Innes Ireland, English race car driver and engineer (b. 1930)
2002 Richard Helms, American intelligence agent and diplomat, 8th Director of Central Intelligence (b. 1913)
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The BroadsheetDAILY ~ News of Lower Manhattan ~ 10/22/19 - ebroadsheet.com
