Environmental factors involving diet may play an important role in the onset and development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), especially in their early stages. That is because of the involvement of dietary patterns and nutrients in shaping inflammatory responses that become detrimental if they persist over the long term.
A new nationwide cohort study shows the association between the inflammatory potential of diet and risk of Crohns disease.
The authors used an empirical dietary inflammatory score, derived by weighting food groups based on their relationship with plasma inflammatory markers (i.e., C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor a receptor 2), to explore the link between dietary inflammatory potential and risk of incident IBD.
A new nationwide cohort study shows the association between the inflammatory potential of diet and risk of Crohns disease
The index assesses the inflammatory potential of diet and is the weighted sum of 18 food groups based on food frequency questionnaire data, with higher scores indicating proinflammatory diets (e.g., processed and red meat, some fish, refined grains and high-energy beverages) and lower scores indicating anti-inflammatory diets (e.g., dark yellow and green leafy vegetables, tea, coffee, beer and wine).
The sample under study consisted of 328 cases of incident Crohns disease and 428 cases of incident ulcerative colitis from 3 large prospective cohorts in the United States.
Dietary patterns with high inflammatory potential were associated with increased risk of Crohns disease, compared with participants who showed a high intake of foods with lower inflammatory potential.
The authors also examined whether change in dietary inflammatory potential could affect the risk of IBD. Participants who shifted from a low to a high inflammatory potential diet and those who usually consumed a proinflammatory diet showed a greater risk of Crohns disease, compared with participants who persistently consumed a diet with low inflammatory potential.
Dietary patterns with high inflammatory potential were associated with increased risk of Crohns disease
In contrast, different levels of dietary inflammatory potential were not linked to risk of ulcerative colitis.
On the whole, the current study highlights the importance of diet in the development of Crohns disease by modulating inflammatory mechanisms. Although more mechanistic data and intervention controlled studies are needed, the findings show that what you eat is an important modifiable factor in IBD prevention.
Reference:
Lo CH, Lochhead P, Khalili H, et al. Dietary inflammatory potential and risk of Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology. 2020;159(3):873-883. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.05.011.
Go here to read the rest:
The inflammatory potential of diet is tied to Crohn's disease risk but not to ulcerative colitis, suggests a new observational study - Gut Microbiota...
